Table 2.
Factors associated with prolonged hospitalization after emergency transport in Osaka.
| Prolonged hospitalization | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value | VIF | ||||
| % (n/N) | |||||||
| Age group (yr) | 1.248 | ||||||
| Infants and young children (0–5 yr old) | 3.3 | (429/13071) | 0.147 | (0.133–0.162) | <.001 | ||
| Children (6–17 yr old) | 5.6 | (504/9025) | 0.214 | (0.194–0.237) | <.001 | ||
| Adults (18–64 yr old) | 19.2 | (22607/117763) | Reference | ||||
| Elderly (65–74 yr old) | 33.3 | (30096/90254) | 1.767 | (1.730–1.805) | <.001 | ||
| High elderly (75–89 yr old) | 40.9 | (84483/206707) | 2.233 | (2.191–2.276) | <.001 | ||
| Super elderly (over 90 yr old) | 45.3 | (20432/45066) | 2.401 | (2.337–2.466) | <.001 | ||
| Sex | 1.051 | ||||||
| Male | 30.8 | (76713/248899) | Reference | ||||
| Female | 35.1 | (81838/232987) | 1.027 | (1.013–1.040) | <.001 | ||
| Seasonality | 1.002 | ||||||
| January | 35.6 | (15416/43244) | 1.069 | (1.036–1.102) | <.001 | ||
| February | 35.1 | (13152/37446) | 1.055 | (1.022–1.089) | .001 | ||
| March | 35.0 | (13321/38031) | 1.066 | (1.032–1.100) | <.001 | ||
| April | 33.1 | (12515/37796) | Reference | ||||
| May | 31.5 | (12061/38301) | 0.933 | (0.903–0.963) | <.001 | ||
| June | 31.1 | (11703/37601) | 0.930 | (0.900–0.960) | <.001 | ||
| July | 30.3 | (13294/43895) | 0.899 | (0.871–0.927) | <.001 | ||
| August | 31.0 | (13009/41929) | 0.920 | (0.892–0.950) | <.001 | ||
| September | 32.5 | (12554/38664) | 0.987 | (0.956–1.020) | .441 | ||
| October | 32.4 | (13200/40754) | 0.965 | (0.935–0.996) | .029 | ||
| November | 32.9 | (13170/40059) | 0.965 | (0.935–0.996) | .028 | ||
| December | 34.3 | (15156/44166) | 1.032 | (1.001–1.064) | .045 | ||
| Day of the week | 1.001 | ||||||
| Sunday | 29.8 | (19026/63787) | 0.844 | (0.824–0.865) | <.001 | ||
| Monday | 34.3 | (25924/75486) | Reference | ||||
| Tuesday | 33.8 | (23768/70310) | 0.983 | (0.961–1.006) | .139 | ||
| Wednesday | 33.4 | (22431/67138) | 0.973 | (0.951–0.996) | .024 | ||
| Thursday | 33.3 | (22553/67694) | 0.966 | (0.944–0.989) | .003 | ||
| Friday | 33.6 | (23855/70947) | 0.970 | (0.948–0.992) | .009 | ||
| Saturday | 31.6 | (20994/66524) | 0.898 | (0.877–0.920) | <.001 | ||
| Reason for ambulance call | 1.046 | ||||||
| Acute disease | 30.2 | (102070/337732) | Reference | ||||
| Traffic accident | 33.9 | (5637/16636) | 1.231 | (1.183–1.282) | <.001 | ||
| Industrial accident | 28.8 | (1057/3669) | 1.057 | (0.979–1.141) | .157 | ||
| Sports | 11.6 | (128/1106) | 0.666 | (0.549–0.809) | <.001 | ||
| Other trauma | 51.4 | (30092/58565) | 1.672 | (1.630–1.716) | <.001 | ||
| Assault | 15.4 | (118/765) | 0.524 | (0.428–0.643) | <.001 | ||
| Self-harm | 10.9 | (321/2947) | 0.459 | (0.399–0.528) | <.001 | ||
| Fire accident | 22.5 | (96/427) | 0.632 | (0.500–0.797) | <.001 | ||
| Inter-hospital transfer | 31.7 | (18892/59571) | 1.158 | (1.134–1.181) | .001 | ||
| Other | 29.9 | (140/468) | 1.318 | (1.061–1.637) | .012 | ||
| Patient background | |||||||
| Past history of psychiatric disease | (+) | 28.1 | (5510/19634) | 1.078 | (1.041–1.116) | <.001 | 1.060 |
| (−) | 33.1 | (153041/462252) | Reference | ||||
| Drinking | (+) | 11.4 | (1222/10765) | 0.381 | (0.357–0.407) | <.001 | 1.035 |
| (−) | 33.4 | (157329/471121) | Reference | ||||
| No fixed address | (+) | 55.2 | (266/482) | 4.394 | (3.632–5.314 | <.001 | 1.002 |
| (−) | 32.9 | (158285/481404) | Reference | ||||
| Need for nursing care | (+) | 45.9 | (46843/102096) | 1.420 | (1.397–1.443) | .001 | 1.192 |
| (−) | 29.4 | (111708/379790) | Reference | ||||
| Drug abuse | (+) | 6.7 | (144/2150) | 0.228 | (0.190–0.274) | <.001 | 1.197 |
| (−) | 33.0 | (158407/479736) | Reference | ||||
| Trouble at hospital in past | (+) | 22.5 | (42/187) | 0.823 | (0.570–1.189) | .300 | 1.003 |
| (−) | 32.9 | (158509/481699) | Reference | ||||
| Suicide attempt | (+) | 15.6 | (198/1273) | 1.495 | (1.238–1.806) | <.001 | 1.184 |
| (−) | 32.9 | (158353/480613) | Reference | ||||
| Living in nursing faculty | (+) | 43.3 | (8124/18772) | 1.115 | (1.080–1.150) | <.001 | 1.041 |
| (−) | 32.5 | (150427/463114) | Reference | ||||
| Difficulty in hospital acceptance | (+) | 20.8 | (21/101) | 0.808 | (0.479–1.365) | .426 | 1.002 |
| (−) | 32.9 | (158530/481785) | Reference | ||||
| Trauma in children | (+) | 8.2 | (144/1759) | 1.081 | (0.893–1.307) | .425 | 1.008 |
| (−) | 33.0 | (158407/480127) | Reference | ||||
| Pregnancy | (+) | 11.2 | (311/2918) | 0.694 | (0.599–0.804) | <.001 | 1.041 |
| (−) | 33.0 | (158240/478968) | Reference | ||||
| Solitary person | (+) | 36.5 | (6738/18471) | 1.085 | (1.050–1.120) | <.001 | 1.005 |
| (−) | 32.8 | (151813/463415) | Reference | ||||
| Main disease condition causing hospitalization | 1.044 | ||||||
| Certain infectious and parasitic diseases (A+B) | 22.4 | (3898/17398) | 0.511 | (0.491–0.531) | <.001 | ||
| Neoplasms (C) | 47.3 | (7123/15059) | 1.307 | (1.262–1.354) | <.001 | ||
| Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism (D) | 34.6 | (1884/5446) | 0.807 | (0.760–0.856) | <.001 | ||
| Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (E) | 29.3 | (5527/18856) | 0.584 | (0.564–0.605) | <.001 | ||
| Mental and behavioral disorders (F) | 9.7 | (805/8316) | 0.383 | (0.353–0.415) | <.001 | ||
| Diseases of the nervous system (G) | 19.1 | (3705/19396) | 0.404 | (0.388–0.420) | <.001 | ||
| Diseases of the circulatory system (I) | 41.4 | (38624/93371) | Reference | ||||
| Diseases of the respiratory system (J) | 35.3 | (24697/69966) | 0.715 | (0.700–0.731) | <.001 | ||
| Diseases of the digestive system (K) | 19.9 | (11255/56509) | 0.376 | (0.367–0.385) | <.001 | ||
| Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M) | 35.7 | (5296/14848) | 0.762 | (0.734–0.791) | <.001 | ||
| Diseases of the genitourinary system (N) | 27.9 | (6413/22954) | 0.512 | (0.496–0.529) | <.001 | ||
| Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium (O) | 12.1 | (607/4999) | 0.416 | (0.374–0.464) | <.001 | ||
| Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified (R) | 18.2 | (4041/22191) | 0.406 | (0.391–0.422) | <.001 | ||
| Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes (S+T) | 43.4 | (42103/96972) | 0.994 | (0.969–1.020) | .662 | ||
| Other | 16.5 | (2573/15605) | 0.305 | (0.292–0.319) | <.001 | ||