Table 3.
Most definitive model after the hierarchical logistic regression analyses (n = 1824) using sociodemographics, clinical characteristics, experience, and mental health characteristics explaining undergo treatment again
| Variables | Range (when applicable) | Nonstandardized OR (95% CI) | Standardized OR (95% CI) | p value |
| Age in years | 0.99 (0.97-1.01) | 0.90 (0.75-1.09) | 0.28 | |
| Sex (male) | 1.11 (0.80-1.54) | 1.11 (0.80-1.54) | 0.53 | |
| BMI | 0.99 (0.96-1.02) | 0.93 (0.81-1.07) | 0.33 | |
| Dominant side treated (yes) | 0.84 (0.63-1.11) | 0.84 (0.63-1.11) | 0.23 | |
| Workload (reference = unemployed) | ||||
| Light | 1.30 (0.87-1.93) | 1.30 (0.87-1.93) | 0.20 | |
| Medium | 0.85 (0.56-1.27) | 0.85 (0.56-1.27) | 0.42 | |
| Heavy | 0.77 (0.44-1.35) | 0.77 (0.44-1.35) | 0.35 | |
| Symptom duration in months | 1.01 (1.00-1.01) | 1.27 (1.09-1.52) | < 0.01 | |
| Second opinion (no) | 1.30 (0.52-3.00) | 1.30 (0.52-3.00) | 0.55 | |
| Recurrence (yes) | 1.00 (0.62-1.64) | 1.00 (0.62-1.64) | 0.99 | |
| Smoking (no) | 0.87 (0.56-1.32) | 0.87 (0.56-1.32) | 0.51 | |
| EQ-5D VAS self-rated health | 0-100 | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | 0.96 (0.82-1.12) | 0.65 |
| Change in VAS pain during load | 0-100 | 1.02 (1.01-1.02) | 1.74 (1.48-2.07) | < 0.001 |
| Change in VAS function | 0-100 | 1.02 (1.01-1.02) | 1.80 (1.54-2.11) | < 0.001 |
| PREM shared decision-making positive (yes) | 1.45 (1.06-1.99) | 1.45 (1.06-1.99) | 0.02 | |
| PREM pros/cons positive (yes) | 2.05 (1.50-2.80) | 2.05 (1.50-2.80) | < 0.001 | |
| PREM advice positive (yes) | 1.52 (1.11-2.07) | 1.52 (1.11-2.07) | 0.01 | |
| B-IPQ consequences | 0-10 | 0.95 (0.87-1.02) | 0.87 (0.71-1.06) | 0.17 |
| B-IPQ timeline | 0-10 | 1.01 (0.95-1.07) | 1.02 (0.86-1.21) | 0.82 |
| B-IPQ personal control | 0-10 | 1.02 (0.97-1.08) | 1.06 (0.92-1.23) | 0.41 |
| B-IPQ identity | 0-10 | 1.00 (0.93-1.07) | 1.00 (0.82-1.20) | 0.96 |
| B-IPQ concern | 0-10 | 0.99 (0.92-1.06) | 0.96 (0.79-1.17) | 0.71 |
| B-IPQ coherence | 0-10 | 1.08 (1.01-1.16) | 1.17 (1.01-1.34) | 0.03 |
| B-IPQ emotional response | 0-10 | 1.00 (0.94-1.07) | 1.01 (0.83-1.23) | 0.93 |
| CEQ credibility score | 3-27 | 1.11 (1.06-1.18) | 1.44 (1.20-1.73) | < 0.001 |
| CEQ expectancy score | 3-27 | 0.99 (0.94-1.04) | 0.96 (0.78-1.18) | 0.71 |
| PCS total score | 0-52 | 1.00 (0.98-1.02) | 0.97 (0.82-1.15) | 0.73 |
| PHQ-4 total score | 0-12 | 0.98 (0.90-1.06) | 0.96 (0.81-1.13) | 0.59 |
Nonstandardized and standardized odds ratios, 95% CIs, and p values are displayed, along with the AUC and Nagelkerke r2 for the model; the nonstandardized ORs in our most definitive model indicate that with every unit increase in either a continuous, dichotomous, or categorical independent variable, the odds of being willing to undergo the treatment again increase or decrease by the value of the nonstandardized OR; standardized ORs are converted to the same scale, which makes it easier to make between-variable comparisons and determine the relative association of each explanatory variable. Interpretation AUC (ability of the model to discriminate between willing or not willing to undergo again) = 0.81; interpretation of the Nagelkerke r2 (goodness of fit of the model) = 0.29; EQ-5D = EuroQol-5 Dimensions; PREM = patient-reported experience measures; B-IPQ = Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire; CEQ = Credibility/Expectancy Questionnaire; PCS = Pain Catastrophizing Scale; PHQ = Patient Health Questionnaire; OR = odds ratio.