Table 3.

Discriminant validity.

	Ad Intru.	App Usg Beh	Att. App*Gen	Att App Usg	Gender	Priv Conc
Ad Intru.	0.85
App Usg Beh	0.37	0.798
Att. App Usg *Gen	−0.024	0.155	1
Att App Usg	0.404	0.703	0.143	0.861
Gender	−0.055	−0.094	0.003	−0.102	1
Priv Conc	0.542	0.48	0.034	0.477	−0.105	0.756

Correlation Threshold is below 0.85. Ad Intrusiveness (Ad Intru.), App Usage Behavior (App Usg Beh), Attitude toward App Usage (Att App Usg), Privacy Concerns (Priv Conc). This symbol * is auto-generated in the Smart PLS (software used for data analysis). It indicated the moderating relationship between Attitude towards app usage and gender.

^*indicates the moderating relationship between Attitude towards app usage and gender.