TABLE 5.
Association Between Sex and OS Across Age Groups by Race, Stage of Disease, and Treatment on Multivariate Analysis
| Subjects | No. Men/Women | Women Aged 18 to 54 Years |
No. Men/Women | Women Aged ≥55 Years |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI)a | P a | HR (95% CI)a | P a | |||
|
| ||||||
| All | 8303/1753 | 0.83 (0.77–0.88) | <.001 | 21,485/7804 | 0.96 (0.93–1.00) | .024 |
| Race | ||||||
| White | 3574/742 | 0.75 (0.68–0.83) | <.001 | 11,493/3777 | 0.97 (0.92–1.01) | .13 |
| African American | 1213/294 | 0.82 (0.71–0.96) | .013 | 2483/836 | 0.86 (0.78–0.94) | .001 |
| Asian | 1816/408 | 0.85 (0.74–0.97) | .015 | 4199/1870 | 1.04 (0.97–1.12) | .22 |
| Hispanic | 1608/288 | 1.12 (0.96–1.32) | .16 | 3111/1229 | 0.96 (0.89–1.05) | .38 |
| Stage of disease | ||||||
| Single lesion | 2065/519 | 0.89 (0.77–1.03) | .11 | 5697/2499 | 0.97 (0.91–1.03) | .29 |
| Multiple tumors | 1625/314 | 0.90 (0.76–1.06) | .19 | 4479/1619 | 0.98 (0.91–1.05) | .52 |
| Vascular invasion | 3163/663 | 0.80 (0.72–0.88) | <.001 | 7844/2627 | 0.95 (0.90–1.00) | .044 |
| Metastatic disease | 1450/257 | 0.78 (0.68–0.90) | <.001 | 3465/1059 | 0.99 (0.92–1.07) | .78 |
| Treatment | ||||||
| None or unknown | 5095/904 | 0.87 (0.80–0.94) | <.001 | 13,538/4688 | 0.98 (0.94–1.02) | .35 |
| Liver-directed therapy | 777/148 | 0.87 (0.68–1.11) | .26 | 2192/804 | 1.00 (0.89–1.12) | .96 |
| Surgical resection | 710/274 | 0.68 (0.54–0.86) | .001 | 2072/904 | 0.93 (0.83–1.05) | .26 |
| Liver transplantation | 900/188 | 1.06 (0.75–1.51) | .74 | 1129/351 | 1.00 (0.78–1.29) | .99 |
Abbreviations: 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; OS, overall survival.
a
Men as the reference group (HR, 1), adjusted for age, race, stage of disease, marital status, birthplace, tumor size, tumor grade, initial surgical procedure, initial radiation, and year of diagnosis and stratified by Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry data among all patients.