Cross-protection against IPD is not dependent on PspA. (A and B) Western blot analysis of bacterial lysates, supernatant samples from choline-washed cells (treated with 5% choline chloride to release CBPs) and from lysates of corresponding choline-washed cells (Pellet CW). Binding of sera from mice immunized with T4 MP+Adjuvant (used as primary antibody) to (A) T4 and T4ΔpspA and (B) serotype 1 and serotype 3 cells were analyzed. Sera came from mice included in experiments represented in Fig. 1 A and B. (C–E) Percentage of mice immunized with either T4 MPs or T4ΔpspA MPs that survived an intranasal infection with (C) T4, (D) serotype 3 (BHN428), or (E) serotype 1 (BHN733) bacteria; 10 mice per group (the group immunized with T4ΔpspA MPs and infected with serotype 1 included 9 mice), 5 mice/pneumococcal strain immunized with adjuvant as control. (F–H) Number of bacteria (CFUs) in the lungs of mice infected with (F) T4, (G) serotype 1 (BHN733), or (H) serotype 3 (BHN428) bacteria at sacrifice. Each dot represents one mouse. The Dashed horizontal line (F–H) represents the limit of detection for the lung CFU counts using this method. Error bars represent the standard error of the mean (SEM). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; n.s., not significant.