FIGURE 8.

Atezolizumab enhanced the cytotoxicity of CAR NK‐92 against castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cells from one patient in vitro. (A) Serum testosterone and PSA level fluctuations after androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in one CRPC patient. The PSA level began to increase consecutively over the nadir from May 2021 under the castration level of testosterone after ADT. (B) Representative HE‐stained tumour sections from the patient after radical prostatectomy (×200). (C) Light micrographs of primary prostate cancer (PCa) cells on day 14 (×100). (D) Representative flow cytometry plots and summary data (n = 3) showing the expression of PD‐L1 on primary PCa cells cocultured with CAR NK‐92 cells for 24 h. (E), CCK‐8 assay result (n = 3) showing that atezolizumab (20 μg/ml) but not nivolumab (20 μg/ml) significantly enhanced the inhibition ratio of CAR NK‐92 cells. Data are expressed as the means ± SD. Student's t‐test was used for two‐group comparisons (D), and ANOVA was used to compare three groups (E). *p < .05; NS, not significant