Table 2.

The inclusion and exclusion criteria for selecting the studies based on PICOS criteria.

PICOS Criteria	Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
Participants	Participants were between 45 and 80 years of age (typically peri-, and postmenopausal) Eligible samples include healthy, disease-free individuals regardless of body mass index and/or weight status
Interventions	Primary focus of intervention was resistance training to build muscle mass, strength, or functional fitness, although some interventions combined resistance training with dietary supplements To prevent confounding influences, interventions that combined resistance training with other types of training (e.g., aerobic) were excluded, as were interventions that included both men and women Community-based interventions were included; clinical, hospital-based or other inpatient or outpatient interventions were excluded Interventions at least 8 weeks in length were included; acute studies were excluded Studies published in English between 2010 and 2020 were included
Comparisons	Study that compared intervention groups with a control or additional RT intervention group were included
Outcomes	Strength of any muscle group (1RM or predicted 1RM) Body mass, lean body mass, fat-free mass, fat mass, muscle mass, % body fat, or other body composition indicators Functional fitness indicators
Study Design	Articles with random assignment of participants to study groups were included (RCT)