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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jun 13.
Published in final edited form as: Women (Basel). 2021 Sep 14;1(3):143–168. doi: 10.3390/women1030014

Table 2.

The inclusion and exclusion criteria for selecting the studies based on PICOS criteria.

PICOS Criteria Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
Participants
  • Participants were between 45 and 80 years of age (typically peri-, and postmenopausal)

  • Eligible samples include healthy, disease-free individuals regardless of body mass index and/or weight status

Interventions
  • Primary focus of intervention was resistance training to build muscle mass, strength, or functional fitness, although some interventions combined resistance training with dietary supplements

  • To prevent confounding influences, interventions that combined resistance training with other types of training (e.g., aerobic) were excluded, as were interventions that included both men and women

  • Community-based interventions were included; clinical, hospital-based or other inpatient or outpatient interventions were excluded

  • Interventions at least 8 weeks in length were included; acute studies were excluded

  • Studies published in English between 2010 and 2020 were included

Comparisons
  • Study that compared intervention groups with a control or additional RT intervention group were included

Outcomes
  • Strength of any muscle group (1RM or predicted 1RM)

  • Body mass, lean body mass, fat-free mass, fat mass, muscle mass, % body fat, or other body composition indicators

  • Functional fitness indicators

Study Design
  • Articles with random assignment of participants to study groups were included (RCT)

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