Table 5.

Comparison of the means of changes in the variables in the two groups before and one month after the intervention.

Variable	Group	Preintervention	Postintervention	Difference mean ± SD	Sig.
		Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
Knowledge	Control	4.87 ± 1.91	5.98 ± 2.03	1.11 ± 1.90	<0.05∗
	Intervention	5.25 ± 2.08	11.83 ± 1.18	6.57 ± 2.15	<0.05∗
	Sig.a	0.37	<0.001∗∗∗	<0.05∗
Behavior	Control	14.74 ± 3.24	15.03 ± 2.89	0.29 ± 1.80	0.137
	Intervention	15.45 ± 3.87	17.51 ± 3.59	2.06 ± 2.56	<0.000∗∗∗
	Sig.b	0.205	<0.001∗∗∗	<0.05∗
Oral health literacy	Control	80.57 ± 10.02	81.92 ± 9.11	6.76 ± 1.35	0.069
	Intervention	82.64 ± 11.58	94.83 ± 10.61	10.02 ± 12.18	<0.000∗∗∗
	Sig.a	0.224	<0.001∗∗∗	<0.05∗
Dental plaque index	Control	2.20 ± 0.66	1.98 ± 0.69	−0.21 ± 0.48	0.035∗
	Intervention	2.02 ± 0.59	0.83 ± 0.75	−1.96 ± 0.58	0.000∗∗∗
	Sig.b	0.080	<0.001∗∗∗	<0.05∗
Perceived vulnerability	Control	22.94 ± 4.20	23.49 ± 4.31	0.55 ± 4.25	0.400
	Intervention	23.44 ± 3.16	27.75 ± 4.20	4.31 ± 0.33	0.000∗∗∗
	Sig.b	0.391	<0.001∗∗∗	<0.05∗
Perceived severity	Control	26.29 ± 5.28	26.56 ± 4.91	0.27 ± −4.76	0.365
	Intervention	27.19 ± 4.55	30.71 ± 3.84	3.51 ± 3.74	<0.000∗∗∗
	Sig.b	0.250	<0.001∗∗∗	<0.05∗
Response costs	Control	15.11 ± 6.97	15.70 ± 7.04	0.58 ± 3.96	0.291
	Intervention	15.80 ± 6.52	13.10 ± 6.06	−2.70 ± 5.54	0.008∗∗
	Sig.b	0.519	<0.013	<0.05∗
Response efficacy	Control	21.23 ± 2.50	21.35 ± 2.35	0.11 ± 2.50	0.373
	Intervention	20.84 ± 2.89	22.50 ± 2.11	1.66 ± 3.03	<0.000∗∗∗
	Sig.a	0.498	<0.001∗∗∗	<0.05∗
Self-efficacy	Control	22.88 ± 9.66	26.32 ± 8.50	3.44 ± 6.87	0.992
	Intervention	23.50 ± 8.59	30.87 ± 7.25	7.36 ± 7.42	<0.000∗∗∗
	Sig.b	0.666	<0.001∗∗∗	<0.05∗
Cues to action	Control	16.16 ± 3.79	16.84 ± 4.32	0.68 ± 3.44	0.138
	Intervention	15.54 ± 4.57	20.42 ± 3.31	4.88 ± 4.11	<0.000∗∗∗
	Sig.b	0.349	<0.001∗∗∗	<0.05∗

^∗ P < 0.05, ^∗∗P < 0.01, ^∗∗∗P < 0.001; ^aMann–Whitney U test; ^bt-test.