Table 3.

Main results of the associations between behavioural variables (frequency and durations) and cortisol concentrations. Results for “sniffing the environment” are related to post-test cortisol concentrations.

Behavioural variables	Positive anticipation compared to frustration non-social			Frustration social compared to frustration non-social			Pre-test cortisol concentration		Post-test cortisol concentration
	Estimate	Z	p value	Estimate	Z	p value	Estimate	Z	p value
Ears forward (EAD101)—duration	2.745	2.303	0.021	2.689	2.243	0.025	− 1.725	− 2.668	0.008
Ears downward (EAD105)—duration	0.035	0.076	0.939	0.227	0.490	0.624	0.879	3.295	0.001
Looking away—frequency	− 0.426	− 2.591	0.010	− 0.077	− 0.506	0.613	0.152	2.510	0.012
Sniffing the environment—duration	− 0.776	− 2.378	0.018	− 0.776	− 2.360	0.018	0.322	3.238	0.001