Table 3.
Bone marrow (BM) findings and HScore in post-COVID-19/COVID-19 patients, mini literature review
| Post COVID-19 patients | Author | Number of deceased patients |
Number of alive patients | HScore / *HScore range |
BM aspirate | BM biopsy | BM autopsy | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current case | 0 | 1 | 92 | Hemophagocytosis | Dyshematopoiesis, histiocytosis hemophagocytosis |
N/A | ||
| Michaelis S, et al. | 0 | 1 | N/A | Hemophagocytosis, megakaryocytic hypocellularity | N/A | N/A | ||
| Naqvi WA, et al. | 0 | 1 | N/A | Hemophagocytosis | N/A | N/A | ||
| Sangha G, et al. | 0 | 1 | 191 | Hemophagocytosis, hypocellular marrow | N/A | N/A | ||
| Dandu H, et al. | 0 | 13 | *138–198 | Hemophagocytosis, histiocytic hyperplasia | Hemophagocytosis, histiocytic hyperplasia | N/A | ||
| Naous E, et al. | 0 | a1 | 205 | Hemophagocytosis | N/A | N/A | ||
| Kalita P, et al. | 0 | 2 | *213–239 | Hemophagocytosis | N/A | N/A | ||
| Kayaaslan BU, et al. | 0 | 1 | 209 | Hemophagocytosis | N/A | N/A | ||
| Wiseman D, et al. | 0 | 1 | 197 | Hemophagocytosis | N/A | N/A | ||
| Dewaele K, et al. | 0 | 1 | N/A | Hemophagocytosis and erythroid hyperplasia | N/A | N/A | ||
| COVID-19 patients | Harris CK, et al. | a20 | 0 | *35–269 | N/A | N/A | Hemophagocytic histiocytosis | |
| 0 | 2 | b19 | N/A |
cLeft-shifted myelopoiesis but no apparent hemophagocytosis; dFew hemophagocytic histiocytes |
N/A | |||
| Swoboda J, et al. | 15 | 0 | 19–191 | N/A | N/A | Hemophagocytosis | ||
| Meazza Prina M, et al. | 0 | 1 | 269 | No aspects of hemophagocytosis | No aspects of hemophagocytosis | N/A | ||
| Núñez-Torrón C, et al. | 16 | 0 | *54–304 | N/A | N/A | Hemophagocytosis | ||
| Bryce C, et al. | e100 | 0 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Hemophagocytosis (8/11) Left shift granulopoiesis (4/11) Decreased erythroid precursors (1/11) Decreased megakaryocytes (1/11) |
||
| Prieto-Pérez L, et al. | f33 | 0 | N/A | N/A | N/A | Hypercellular marrow, ghemophagocytosis | ||
| 0 | 3 | N/A | N/A | Hypercellular marrow, hemophagocytosis | N/A | |||
| Debliquis A, et al. | 0 | 3 | 35, 84, 207 | Hemophagocytosis | N/A | N/A | ||
| Tholin B, et al. | 0 | 1 | *221–230 | Hemophagocytosis | N/A | N/A | ||
| Labro G, et al. | 0 | h6 | *35–207 | Hemophagocytosis | N/A | N/A | ||
| Prilutskiy A, et al. | i4 | 0 | *96–217 | N/A | N/A | Left-shifted myeloid hyperplasia, histiocytic hyperplasia, NO hemophagocytosis | ||
| Lima R, et al. | 0 | j1 | N/A | Increased number of activated macrophages with prominent hemophagocytosis of hematopoietic elements | Increased macrophage activity | N/A | ||
aBM sample in 19 out of 20 patients; bHScore evaluated in 1 out of 2 alive patients; cThe patient with Hscore 19; dThe patient with no Hscore; eBM autopsy on 11 out of 100 patients; fBM autopsy on 17 out of 33 patients; gHemophagocytosis in 16/17 BM autopsies; hNumber of patients were alive at the time of BM examination (4 of them died during hospitalization); iBM autopsy on 2 out of 4 patients; jThe patient was alive at the time of BM examination but died during hospitalization; N/A: not applicable