Table 1.
Characteristics of OCM and comparison episodes
| Characteristics | Chronic myelogenous leukemia cohort |
High-risk prostate cancer cohort |
Low-risk breast cancer cohort |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OCM baseline | OCM intervention | Comparison baseline | Comparison intervention | OCM baseline | OCM intervention | Comparison baseline | Comparison intervention | OCM Baseline | OCM Intervention | Comparison Baseline | Comparison Intervention | |
| No. of episodes | 4349 | 7803 | 4921 | 8408 | 8131 | 14 919 | 10 358 | 17 768 | 81 887 | 155 916 | 93 258 | 159 296 |
| Sex, No. (%) | ||||||||||||
| Male | 2008 (46.2) | 3710 (47.5) | 2214 (45.0) | 3942 (46.9) | 8131 (100) | 14 919 (100) | 10 358 (100) | 17 768 (100) | 680 (0.8) | 1298 (0.8) | 802 (0.9) | 1292 (0.8) |
| Female | 2341 (53.8) | 4093 (52.5) | 2707 (55.0) | 4466 (53.1) | — | — | — | — | 81 207 (99.2) | 154 618 (99.2) | 92 456 (99.1) | 158 004 (99.2) |
| Age, No. (%), y | ||||||||||||
| Younger than 65 | 826 (19.0) | 1481 (19.0) | 1180 (24.0) | 1957 (23.3) | 267 (3.3) | 574 (3.8) | 431 (4.2) | 822 (4.6) | 6395 (7.8) | 9900 (6.3) | 8798 (9.4) | 12 390 (7.8) |
| 65-69 | 905 (20.8) | 1706 (21.9) | 1080 (21.9) | 1657 (19.7) | 1237 (15.2) | 2572 (17.2) | 1622 (15.7) | 3109 (17.5) | 24 349 (29.7) | 45 426 (29.1) | 26 886 (28.8) | 45 876 (28.8) |
| 70-74 | 1020 (23.5) | 1677 (21.5) | 985 (20.0) | 1757 (20.9) | 1858 (22.9) | 3256 (21.8) | 2295 (22.2) | 3926 (22.1) | 20 504 (25.0) | 42 487 (27.2) | 22 866 (24.5) | 42 751 (26.8) |
| 75-79 | 843 (19.4) | 1466 (18.8) | 824 (16.7) | 1391 (16.5) | 1808 (22.2) | 3303 (22.1) | 2229 (21.5) | 3834 (21.6) | 14 807 (18.1) | 29 649 (19.0) | 16 414 (17.6) | 29 181 (18.3) |
| 80-84 | 418 (9.6) | 908 (11.6) | 473 (9.6) | 959 (11.4) | 1542 (19.0) | 2787 (18.7) | 1911 (18.4) | 3090 (17.4) | 9026 (11.0) | 16 388 (10.5) | 10 527 (11.3) | 16 814 (10.6) |
| Older than 84 | 337 (7.7) | 565 (7.2) | 379 (7.7) | 687 (8.2) | 1419 (17.5) | 2427 (16.3) | 1870 (18.1) | 2987 (16.8) | 6806 (8.3) | 12 066 (7.7) | 7767 (8.3) | 12 284 (7.7) |
| Race and ethnicity, No. (%) | ||||||||||||
| Black | 384 (8.8) | 672 (8.6) | 488 (9.9) | 817 (9.7) | 1006 (12.4) | 1803 (12.1) | 1261 (12.2) | 2256 (12.7) | 6797 (8.3) | 11 981 (7.7) | 8062 (8.6) | 12 251 (7.7) |
| Hispanic | 293 (6.7) | 588 (7.5) | 289 (5.9) | 533 (6.3) | 459 (5.6) | 856 (5.7) | 500 (4.8) | 907 (5.1) | 3885 (4.7) | 7492 (4.8) | 3926 (4.2) | 6625 (4.2) |
| Other | 180 (4.1) | 416 (5.3) | 175 (3.6) | 391 (4.7) | 270 (3.3) | 700 (4.7) | 400 (3.9) | 907 (5.1) | 2565 (3.1) | 5996 (3.8) | 3095 (3.3) | 6808 (4.3) |
| White | 3492 (80.3) | 6127 (78.5) | 3969 (80.7) | 6667 (79.3) | 6396 (78.7) | 11 560 (77.5) | 8197 (79.1) | 13 698 (77.1) | 68 640 (83.8) | 130 447 (83.7) | 78 175 (83.8) | 133 612 (83.9) |
| Dual eligible, No. (%) | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 1033 (23.8) | 2048 (26.2) | 1456 (29.6) | 2610 (31.0) | 1173 (14.4) | 2409 (16.1) | 1511 (14.6) | 3275 (18.4) | 13 312 (16.3) | 22 763 (14.6) | 18 227 (19.5) | 26 697 (16.8) |
| No | 3316 (76.2) | 5755 (73.8) | 3465 (70.4) | 5798 (69.0) | 6958 (85.6) | 12 510 (83.9) | 8847 (85.4) | 14 493 (81.6) | 68 575 (83.7) | 133 153 (85.4) | 75 031 (80.5) | 132 599 (83.2) |
| HCC risk score, No. (%)a | ||||||||||||
| 0-0.99 | 163 (3.7) | 273 (3.5) | 163 (3.3) | 239 (2.8) | 1068 (13.1) | 1897 (12.7) | 1312 (12.7) | 2136 (12.0) | 46 212 (56.4) | 85 022 (54.5) | 50 965 (54.6) | 84 349 (53.0) |
| 1.00-1.99 | 2491 (57.3) | 4141 (53.1) | 2798 (56.9) | 4490 (53.4) | 896 (11.0) | 1601 (10.7) | 1220 (11.8) | 2004 (11.3) | 23 463 (28.7) | 47 489 (30.5) | 27 553 (29.5) | 49 279 (30.9) |
| 2.00-3.99 | 1028 (23.6) | 2002 (25.7) | 1220 (24.8) | 2117 (25.2) | 3370 (41.4) | 5770 (38.7) | 4270 (41.2) | 7016 (39.5) | 8434 (10.3) | 15 852 (10.2) | 10 195 (10.9) | 16 915 (10.6) |
| ≥4.00 | 667 (15.3) | 1387 (17.8) | 740 (15.0) | 1562 (18.6) | 2797 (34.4) | 5651 (37.9) | 3556 (34.3) | 6612 (37.2) | 3778 (4.6) | 7553 (4.8) | 4545 (4.9) | 8753 (5.5) |
HCC risk scores are normalized to a value of 1.0 among all Medicare beneficiaries; individuals with risk scores <1 are expected to be less costly than the average beneficiary; those with risk scores >1 are expected to be more costly than the average beneficiary. A risk score of 0.5 means that costs are expected to be half that of an average beneficiary; a score of 2.0 means costs are expected to be twice that of an average beneficiary. HCC scores were calculated over all beneficiaries participating in OCM. The risk scores reflect severity of the cancer (beneficiaries with metastatic or more serious cancers have higher risk scores) as well as comorbid illness. HCC = hierarchical condition category; OCM = Oncology Care Model.