Figure EV1. Anti‐influenza effect of succinate is more potent in multicycle replication condition than in single cycle replication condition.

BEAS‐2B were infected with influenza A/Scotland/20/74 (H3N2) virus (IAV) at MOI = 1 (single cycle replication) or at MOI = 10⁻³ (multicycle replication) for 4 h and treated or not with succinate (Suc) for 20 h. 2 µg/ml of TPCK treated Trypsin were added simultaneously to succinate to promote multicycle replication.

• A, B
  Plaque‐Forming Unit assays determined the production of infectious viral particles in cell supernatants.
• C
  The effect of succinate on IAV transcription was assessed by RT‐qPCR to quantify M1 viral mRNA. Data information: Data are represented as the mean ± SEM of 3 independent experiments. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t‐test (A, B) or one sample t‐test (C), (*P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01).