Table 3.
Univariable and multivariable logistic regression of risk factor of lung metastasis in pancreatic carcinoma patients.
| Characteristics | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P | OR (95% CI) | P | |
| Age | 1.009 (1.002–1.017) | 0.017 | 1.008 (1.001–1.015) | 0.026 |
| Race | ||||
| White | Reference | |||
| Black | 1.292 (0.999–1.649) | 0.045 | ||
| Other | 1.092 (0.802–1.454) | 0.561 | ||
| Sex | ||||
| Female | Reference | |||
| Male | 0.863 (0.728–1.022) | 0.087 | ||
| Histological subtype | ||||
| Adenocarcinoma | Reference | Reference | ||
| Infiltrating duct carcinoma | 0.326 (0.250–0.419) | <0.001 | 1.599 (1.180–2.143) | 0.002 |
| Neuroendocrine carcinoma | 0.446 (0.294–0.650) | <0.001 | 0.661 (0.416–1.013) | 0.068 |
| Other | 0.574 (0.436–0.743) | <0.001 | 0.757 (0.556–1.016) | 0.070 |
| Grade | ||||
| Well-differentiated: I | Reference | |||
| Moderately differentiated: II | 2.013 (1.503–2.743) | <0.001 | ||
| Poorly differentiated: III | 3.091 (2.323–4.186) | <0.001 | ||
| Undifferentiated; anaplastic: IV | 5.159 (3.136–8.286) | <0.001 | ||
| Primary site | ||||
| Head of pancreas | Reference | Reference | ||
| Body of pancreas | 2.476 (1.945–3.134) | <0.001 | 1.664 (1.283–2.149) | <0.001 |
| Tail of pancreas | 2.277 (1.823–2.833) | <0.001 | 2.072 (1.608–2.663) | <0.001 |
| Pancreatic duct | 2.303 (0.695–5.651) | 0.109 | 2.210 (0.602–6.388) | 0.416 |
| Other specified parts of pancreas | 1.450 (0.682–2.701) | 0.284 | 0.916 (0.418–1.778) | 0.559 |
| Overlapping lesion of pancreas | 2.330 (1.699–3.143) | <0.001 | 1.172 (0.831–1.631) | 0.048 |
| Pancreas, NOS | 2.399 (1.643–3.408) | <0.001 | 1.436 (0.958–2.099) | 0.072 |
| AJCC T stage | ||||
| T1 | Reference | |||
| T2 | 4.981 (3.140–8.416) | <0.001 | ||
| T3 | 1.917 (1.215–3.225) | 0.008 | ||
| T4 | 6.914 (4.345–11.707) | <0.001 | ||
| AJCC N stage | ||||
| N0 | Reference | Reference | ||
| N1 | 1.264 (1.066–1.500) | 0.007 | 2.124 (1.754–2.575) | <0.001 |
| Surgery | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 0.042 (0.030–0.057) | <0.001 | 0.051 (0.035–0.073) | <0.001 |
| Radiotherapy | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 0.351 (0.259–0.465) | <0.001 | 0.503 (0.360–0.687) | <0.001 |
| Chemotherapy | ||||
| No | Reference | |||
| Yes | 1.087 (0.916–1.293) | 0.340 | ||
| Tumor size | 1.021 (1.018–1.024) | <0.001 | 1.008 (1.003–1.012) | <0.001 |
| Brain metastasis | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 23.108 (8.474–63.021) | <0.001 | 7.883 (2.560–24.038) | <0.001 |
| Bone metastasis | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 13.154 (9.381–18.265) | <0.001 | 4.035 (2.775–5.820) | <0.001 |
| Liver metastasis | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 6.839 (5.753–8.137) | <0.001 | 1.652 (1.352–2.021) | <0.001 |