Table 1.

Items Included in the Standardized Clinical History and Their Reporting.^a

Characteristic	Primary ciliary dyskinesia (n = 47)	Control (n = 25)	P value [95% CI]
Age, mean ± SD, y	10.4 ± 4.92	10.1 ± 4.56	.72
Male sex	25 (53.2%)	14 (56%)	.82
Nonwhite ethnicity	22 (46.8%)	10 (40%)	.58
Organ laterality defect	23 (48.9%)	0 (0%)	<.01b
Otologic reported symptoms
Hearing loss	18 (38)	2 (8)	<.01b
Vertigo and imbalance	9 (19)	0 (0)	.02b
Otalgia	6 (13)	4 (16)	.71
Ear fullness	10 (21)	1 (4)	.05
Chronic or recurrent otorrhea	11 (23)	1 (4)	.035b
Mean No. of acute otitis media annually	1.6 ± 2.75	0.96 ± 1.59	.62 [−0.55 to 1.8]
Mean No. of ear tube insertions	2.04 ± 1.93	0.44 ± 0.65	<.01b [0.8 to 2.39]
Sinonasal and airway reported symptoms
Congestion	39 (83)	0 (0)	<.01b
Pain or pressure	9 (19)	0 (0)	.02b
Obstruction	31 (66)	3 (12)	<.01b
Postnasal drip	35 (74)	0 (0)	<.01b
Anosmia	11 (23)	0 (0)	<.01b
Rhinorrhea	35 (74)	0 (0)	<.01b
Epistaxis	11 (23)	5 (20)	.74
Cough	40 (85)	0 (0)	<.01b
Snoring	23 (49)	2 (8)	<.01b
Mouth breathing	33 (70)	2 (8)	<.01b
Mean No. of acute sinusitis in past 2 years	0.04 ± 0.2	0.12 ± 0.43	.04b [0.0736 to 0.22]
Mean No. of acute tonsillitis in past 2 years	0.1 ± 0.6	0.4 ± 0.65	.056 [−0.6 to 0.01]
Chronic medical therapy
Nasal steroids	11 (23)	0 (0)	<.01b
Saline spray or drops	16 (34)	1 (4)	<.01b
Nasal decongestants	1 (2)	0 (0)	.46
Proton pump inhibitors	1 (2)	0 (0)	.46
Surgical history
Adenoidectomy	15 (32)	4 (16)	.15
Past sinus surgery	3 (6)	0 (0)	.20

^aValues are presented as number (%) unless otherwise indicated.

^bStatistically significant; 95% CI is provided for t test results.