Table 3.
Items Included in the Standardized Clinical Examination and Their Findings.a
| Characteristic | PCD (n = 47) | Control (n = 25) | P value [95% CI] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tympanic membrane | |||
| Normal | 9 (19) | 22 (88) | <.01b |
| Fluid | 30 (64) | 3 (12) | <.01b |
| Tube | 6 (13) | 0 (0) | <.01b |
| Perforation | 2 (4) | 0 (0) | <.01b |
| Nasal exam | |||
| Thick discharge | 38 (81) | 0 (0) | <.01b |
| Polyps presence | 3 (6) | 0 (0) | .44 |
| Tonsil sizec | .56 | ||
| Grade 0 | 6 (13) | 4 (16) | |
| Grade 1 | 22 (47) | 12 (48) | |
| Grade 2 | 11(23) | 6 (24) | |
| Grade 3 | 8 (17) | 2 (8) | |
| Grade 4 | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | |
| Adenoid sized | |||
| Grade 1 | 33 (70) | 21 (84) | .21 |
| Grade 2 | 9 (19) | 2 (8) | |
| Grade 3 | 5 (11) | 1 (4) | |
| Grade 4 | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | |
| Fiber-optic laryngeal assessment | |||
| RFS, mean ± SD | 8.2 ± 4.12 | 7.2 ± 2.07 | .20 [−0.42 to 2.49] |
Abbreviations: PCD, primary ciliary dyskinesia; RFS, Reflux Finding Score.
a
Values are presented as number (%) unless otherwise indicated. The 95% CI is provided for t test results.
b
Statistically significant.
c
Brodsky grading scale for tonsil size.
d
Grading scale by Cassano et al14: grade 1, <25%; grade 2, <50%; grade 3, <75%; grade 4, >75%.