Table 3.
Barriers to accessing behavioral health services
| Total n = 2383 |
Career n = 2156 |
Volunteer n = 227 |
aOR (95% CI) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stigma* | 91.8 (2113) | 92.2 (1927) | 88.2 (186) | 0.65 (0.40 – 1.05) |
| Cost* | 59.5 (565) | 51.8 (381) | 86.4 (184) | 5.53 (3.55 – 8.63) |
| Lack of information about behavioral health services | 93.2 (2153) | 93.5 (1958) | 91.1 (195) | |
| Not enough time to utilize services | 85.1 (1966) | 85.1 (1784) | 85.1 (182) | |
| Available treatments/services are ineffective | 79.7 (1817) | 80.1 (1659) | 76.0 (158) | |
| Career: Little or no support from leadership/management Volunteer: Leadership does not make an effort to reach out to volunteers* |
80.5 (1856) | 81.3 (1701) | 72.1 (155) | 0.58 (0.42 – 0.82) |
| Fear negative social consequences from using services | 87.8 (2023) | 88.2 (1843) | 83.7 (180) | |
| Fear breach of confidentiality* | 87.3 (2012) | 88.0 (1839) | 80.5 (173) | 0.58 (0.40 – 0.86) |
| Providers have low competency in behavioral health issues | 80.5 (1843) | 80.5 (1676) | 79.5 (167) | |
| Clinicians are unaware of work culture* | 91.9 (2108) | 92.4 (1921) | 87.8 (187) | 0.55 (0.34 – 0.88) |
Note. aOR = adjusted odds ratio; CI = confidence interval. aORs measure the association between the firefighter indicating the item is a barrier and the firefighter being a volunteer. Each aOR used career firefighter as the reference group and controlled for department size and time in service. Bolded aORs indicate the aOR was significant at p < .05. Data presented as % (n).
*
Chi-square test result for difference between career and volunteer firefighters significant at p < .05.