Table 1.

Levels of integrated healthcare framework.

	Informal: minimal integration some distant coordination	Co-located: basic integration On site coordination	Integrated: formalized integration Fully merged collaboration, transformed practice
BH/PCP/Provider Work	Separate facilities Rare to occasional meetings	Same facility Need drives communication Some shared administrative resources Informal interactions to help care for patients	Share space Joint solutions Function as one integrated system Regular team meetings and communication Shared concept of team care drives collaboration Blended roles
Clinical Delivery	Separate screening Formal requests to share information Separate care responsibilities Some shared knowledge for high utilizer patients	Agree on some screenings/criteria for in-house referral Some collaborative treatment planning for some patients Some focus on evidence-based population needs training	Consistent cross-discipline screening guides interventions Joint monitoring of target health conditions Standard population medical/behavioral health screening Consistent protocols One treatment plan Team selected evidence-based practices
Practice/ Organization	No coordination, collaborative onus on each provider Practice leadership might work toward systematic information sharing/valuing access to needed information	Co-location viewed as a separate project Leaders may be supportive of mutual problem solving of system barriers Inconsistent provider buy-in	Organizational leaders have strong support for integrated practice All providers engaged Strategy change: provides service delivery change until all providers embrace care components
Business Model	Separate funding and billing Specific project resources or facility expenses may be shared	Separate funding and billing May move toward sharing infrastructure costs	Blended/Integrated funding based on multiple sources Whole practice resource sharing Billing maximized for integrated model

Adapted with permission from SAMHSA-HRSA 2020 (8).