Table 1.
COVID-19 testing in the Biobank among survey respondents.
| Characteristics | Total respondents (N=25,063) | Tested (N=10,661) | Not tested (N=14,402) | P valuea | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Tested positive (N=1366) | Tested negative (N=9295) | P valueb | Respondents | P valuec |
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| Age (years), mean (SD) | 55.0 (15.8) | 48.9 (14.6) | 53.7 (15.6) | <.001 | 56.5 (15.8) | <.001 | <.001 |
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| Age (years), n (%) | <.001 | N/Ad | <.001 | <.001 |
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18-29 | 1503 (6.0) | 146 (10.7) | 619 (6.7) | N/A | 738 (5.1) | N/A | N/A |
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30-64 | 15,049 (60.0) | 1000 (73.2) | 5890 (63.4) | N/A | 8159 (56.7) | N/A | N/A |
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65+ | 8511 (34.0) | 220 (16.1) | 2786 (30.0) | N/A | 5505 (38.2) | N/A | N/A |
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| Sex, n (%) | .09 | N/A | <.001 | <.001 |
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Female | 15,695 (62.6) | 902 (66.0) | 5915 (63.6) | N/A | 8878 (61.6) | N/A | N/A |
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Male | 9368 (37.4) | 464 (34.0) | 3380 (36.4) | N/A | 5524 (38.4) | N/A | N/A |
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| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | <.001 | N/A | <.001 | <.001 |
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Non-Hispanic White | 21,916 (87.4) | 1117 (81.8) | 8072 (86.8) | N/A | 12,727 (88.4) | N/A | N/A |
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Non-Hispanic Black | 308 (1.2) | 24.0 (1.8) | 133 (1.4) | N/A | 151 (1.0) | N/A | N/A |
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Hispanic | 1272 (5.1) | 125 (9.2) | 528 (5.7) | N/A | 619 (4.3) | N/A | N/A |
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Other | 1567 (6.3) | 100 (7.3) | 562 (6.0) | N/A | 905 (6.3) | N/A | N/A |
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| Bachelor’s degree, n (%) | <.001 |
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.13 | <.001 |
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Yes | 19407 (77.4) | 973 (71.2) | 7219 (77.7) | N/A | 11,215 (77.9) | N/A | N/A |
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No | 5482 (21.9) | 381 (27.9) | 2008 (21.6) | N/A | 3093 (21.5) | N/A | N/A |
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Unknown | 174 (0.7) | 12.0 (0.9) | 68.0 (0.7) | N/A | 94.0 (0.7) | N/A | N/A |
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| Number of acute symptoms, mean (SD) | 0.261 (1.05) | 2.09 (2.61) | 0.393 (1.15) | <.001 | 0.00222 (0.0897) | <.001 | <.001 |
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| Number of comorbidities, mean (SD) | 1.51 (1.38) | 1.46 (1.46) | 1.59 (1.44) | .004 | 1.46 (1.32) | <.001 | <.001 |
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| Health status, n (%) | <.001 | N/A | <.001 | <.001 |
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Excellent | 5664 (22.6) | 235 (17.2) | 1993 (21.4) | N/A | 3436 (23.9) | N/A | N/A |
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Very good | 10,532 (42.0) | 444 (32.5) | 3784 (40.7) | N/A | 6304 (43.8) | N/A | N/A |
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Good | 6558 (26.2) | 440 (32.2) | 2527 (27.2) | N/A | 3591 (24.9) | N/A | N/A |
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Fair | 1859 (7.4) | 196 (14.3) | 793 (8.5) | N/A | 870 (6.0) | N/A | N/A |
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Poor | 323 (1.3) | 45.0 (3.3) | 151 (1.6) | N/A | 127 (0.9) | N/A | N/A |
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Unknown | 127 (0.5) | 6.00 (0.4) | 47.0 (0.5) | N/A | 74.0 (0.5) | N/A | N/A |
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| Questionnaire version, n (%) | <.001 | N/A | <.001 | <.001 |
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1-Summer-fall 2020 | 14,814 (59.1) | 410 (30.0) | 3718 (40.0) | N/A | 10,686 (74.2) | N/A | N/A |
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2-Summer-fall 2021 | 10,249 (40.9) | 956 (70.0) | 5577 (60.0) | N/A | 3716 (25.8) | N/A | N/A |
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| EHRe COVID-19 case, n (%) | <.001 | N/A | <.001 | <.001 |
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Yes | 717 (2.9) | 519 (38.0) | 125 (1.3) | N/A | 73.0 (0.5) | N/A | N/A |
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No | 24,346 (97.1) | 847 (62.0) | 9170 (98.7) | N/A | 14,329 (99.5) | N/A | N/A |
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| Household member tested positive, n (%) | <.001 | N/A | <.001 | <.001 |
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No | 19,472 (77.7) | 482 (35.3) | 7268 (78.2) | N/A | 11,722 (81.4) | N/A | N/A |
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Yes | 1519 (6.1) | 691 (50.6) | 517 (5.6) | N/A | 311 (2.2) | N/A | N/A |
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Unknown | 4072 (16.2) | 193 (14.1) | 1510 (16.2) | N/A | 2369 (16.4) | N/A | N/A |
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| Genetic data, n (%) | .17 | N/A | <.001 | <.001 |
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No | 20,182 (80.5) | 1157 (84.7) | 7732 (83.2) | N/A | 11,293 (78.4) | N/A | N/A |
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Yes | 4881 (19.5) | 209 (15.3) | 1563 (16.8) | N/A | 3109 (21.6) | N/A | N/A |
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aFrom chi-square or ANOVA, comparing tested positive versus tested negative versus not tested.
bFrom chi-square or ANOVA, comparing tested positive versus tested negative.
cFrom chi-square or ANOVA, comparing tested versus not tested.
dN/A: not applicable.
eEHR: electronic health record.