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. 2022 May 31;10:917563. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.917563

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Copyright © 2022 Brynge, Gardner, Sjöqvist, Lee, Dalman and Karlsson.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Heat map showing the factor loadings of the six largest principal components (PC1-PC6) derived from the variation in z-scores of all cytokines and acute phase proteins, using samples from mothers to cases and controls drawn in the first trimester of pregnancy (n = 747). A2M, α-2 Macroglobulin; CRP, C-Reactive Protein; FER, Ferritin; FIB, Fibrinogen; IL-1β, Interleukin-1β; IL-2, Interleukin-2; IL-4, Interleukin-4; IL-5, Interleukin-5; IL-6, Interleukin-6; IL-7, Interleukin-7; IL-8, Interleukin-8; IL-10, Interleukin-10; IL-12, Interleukin-12; IL-13, Interleukin-13; IL-17, Interleukin-17; GCSF, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; GMCSF, Granulocyte Monocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; IFN-γ, Interferon-γ MCP-1, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1; MIP-1β, Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1β; PCT, Procalcitonin; SAA, Serum Amyloid A; Serum Amyloid P; tPA, Tissue Plasminogen Activator; TNF-α, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α.