表 1.
研究对象的基本特征
The characteristics of the pregnant women in the study
| Characteristics | Total, n(%) | No-use, n(%) | FA, n(%) | MM, n(%) | χ 2 | P |
| BMI, body mass index; FA, folic acid only; MM, multiple micronutrients. | ||||||
| Delivery year | 174.44 | < 0.001 | ||||
| 2016 | 7 113 (32.1) | 439 (25.7) | 3 002 (36.9) | 3 672 (29.8) | ||
| 2017 | 7 692 (34.7) | 647 (37.8) | 2 767 (34.0) | 4 278 (34.7) | ||
| 2018 | 7 366 (33.2) | 624 (36.5) | 2 364 (29.1) | 4 378 (35.5) | ||
| Ethnic groups | 4.05 | 0.132 | ||||
| Han | 20 853 (94.1) | 1 624 (95.0) | 7 662 (94.2) | 11 567 (93.8) | ||
| Others | 1 318 (5.9) | 86 (5.0) | 471 (5.8) | 761 (6.2) | ||
| Maternal age | 31.11 | < 0.001 | ||||
| 17 years- | 1 965 (8.9) | 194 (11.3) | 703 (8.6) | 1 068 (8.7) | ||
| 25 years- | 10 470 (47.2) | 714 (41.8) | 3 897 (48.0) | 5 859 (47.5) | ||
| 30 years- | 7 266 (32.8) | 589 (34.4) | 2 614 (32.1) | 4 063 (33.0) | ||
| 35-51 years | 2 470 (11.1) | 213 (12.5) | 919 (11.3) | 1 338 (10.9) | ||
| Education level | 349.16 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Middle school or lower | 1 882 (8.5) | 275 (16.1) | 781 (9.6) | 826 (6.7) | ||
| High school or technical school | 4 162 (18.8) | 463 (27.1) | 1 545(19.0) | 2 154 (17.5) | ||
| College | 7 148 (32.2) | 501 (29.3) | 2 616 (32.2) | 4 031 (32.7) | ||
| University or above | 8 979 (40.5) | 471 (27.5) | 3 191 (39.2) | 5 317 (43.1) | ||
| Household registration | 56.97 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Both of couple are local | 8 340 (37.6) | 534 (31.2) | 3 121 (38.4) | 4 685 (38.0) | ||
| The women are local | 9 765 (44.0) | 828 (48.4) | 3 415 (42.0) | 5 522 (44.8) | ||
| Only the spouses are local | 4 066 (18.3) | 348 (20.4) | 1 597 (19.6) | 2 121 (17.2) | ||
| Occupation | 231.64 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Government agency | 1 954 (8.8) | 223 (13.0) | 598 (7.4) | 1 133 (9.2) | ||
| Professional technicians | 4 834 (21.8) | 237 (13.9) | 1 851 (22.8) | 2 746 (22.3) | ||
| Office clerk or related personnel | 3 613 (16.3) | 207 (12.1) | 1 258 (15.5) | 2 148 (17.4) | ||
| Business / services | 4 529 (20.4) | 308 (18.0) | 1 665 (20.5) | 2 556 (20.7) | ||
| Unemployment | 2 985 (13.5) | 286 (16.7) | 1 115 (13.7) | 1 584 (12.8) | ||
| Others | 4 256 (19.2) | 449 (26.3) | 1 646 (20.2) | 2 161 (17.5) | ||
| Pre-pregnancy BMI | 17.30 | 0.008 | ||||
| Normal (18.5-23.9 kg/m2) | 13 120 (59.2) | 960 (56.1) | 4 882 (60.0) | 7 278 (59.0) | ||
| Underweight (< 18.5 kg/m2) | 2 317 (10.5) | 166 (9.7) | 823 (10.1) | 1 328 (10.8) | ||
| Overweight (24.0-27.9 kg/m2) | 5 062 (22.8) | 432 (25.3) | 1 846 (22.7) | 2 784 (22.6) | ||
| Obesity (≥28.0 kg/m2) | 1 672 (7.5) | 152 (8.9) | 582 (7.2) | 938 (7.6) | ||
| Parity | 210.67 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Nulliparity | 12 005 (54.1) | 639 (37.4) | 4 544 (55.9) | 6 822 (55.3) | ||
| Multiparity | 10 166 (45.9) | 1 071 (62.6) | 3 589 (44.1) | 5 506 (44.7) | ||