Skip to main content
. 2022 May 27;13:872286. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.872286

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Cytokine levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum in patients with C. neoformans and tuberculosis meningitis. CSF was collected before and at about 3 months after the pathogen-specific therapies, while serum samples were collected on admission. The cytokine levels were measured by ELISA. (A) CSF levels of IL-17 in non-HIV CM (n = 11), HIV-positive CM (n = 5), TBM (n = 15), and syphilis (n = 9) on admission. (B) CSF levels of IFN-γ, IL-10, and IL-6 in non-HIV CM (n = 11), HIV-positive CM (n = 5), TBM (n = 15), and syphilis (n = 9) on admission. Serum levels of IL-17 (C) and IFN-γ, IL-10, and IL-6 (D) in healthy controls (n = 3), non-HIV CM (n = 4), HIV-positive CM (n = 5), and TBM (n = 4) at admission. (E) Changes of CSF levels of IL-17 in non-HIV CM (n = 11) and TBM (n = 15) before and after pathogen-specific therapies. Statistical significance was indicated as *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. Data are shown as mean ± SE of the samples. CM, C. neoformans meningitis; TBM, tuberculous meningitis.