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. 2022 Mar 22;45(4):1800–1814. doi: 10.1007/s10753-022-01661-w

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — The level of UA was measured in patients with RA-ILD. The level of UA in the serum of patients with RA (n = 266) and healthy control (HC) (n = 138). Statistical difference was detected between patients with RA and HC (p < 0.01) a. Comparison of serum UA levels between non-ILD and RA-ILD, as well as NSIP and UIP. The higher serum UA levels were observed in patients with RA-ILD (n = 162) relative to RA patients without ILD (n = 104) (p < 0.01) b. Statistical difference of serum UA was also detected between UIP (n = 76) and NSIP (n = 86) patterns of RA-ILD (p < 0.01) c. The UA level in BALF of patients with RA (n = 97) was also measured. Compared with RA patients without ILD (n = 39), the level of UA in patients with RA-ILD (n = 58) was significantly higher (p < 0.01) d. And, a marked increase of the level of UA was observed in BALF in patients with RA-UIP (n = 37) relative to RA patients with NSIP pattern (n = 21) (p < 0.01) e.