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. 2021 Dec 23;15(4):459–472. doi: 10.1007/s40271-021-00563-7

Table 6.

Willingness to pay and 95% confidence intervals by attribute level and country/region (Euro)

Attribute Change Nordic countries Spain UK USA China
‘Option value’b Treatment vs no treatment 11,098.35a 13,615.13a 12,000.61a 28,217.86a As preferences over cost were insignificant in the Chinese sample, meaningful estimates of willingness to pay cannot be inferred from the part-worth utilities

10,095.56;

12,101.14

12,967.91;

14,262.34

11,347.04;

12,654.18

26,556.80;

29,878.91
Likelihood of success 25% to 10% − 3340.9a − 3238.95a − 3556.84 − 6161.88a

− 1399.30;

− 5335.70

− 1564.12;

− 5200.95

− 1841.67;

− 5308.37

− 4938.08;

− 14,233.36
25% to 40% 3575.74a 3422.58a 3399.00a 6290.66a

6401.52;

836.86

5598.78;

1,255.24

6081.04;

725.96

16,305.13;

1946.53
Risk of complications 5% to 2% 1224.16a 1030.57a 784.42a 662.25

1662.73;

785.58

1907.29;

203.53

1059.51;

509.32

1365.32;

-40.81
5% to 8% − 1540.63a − 1359.61a − 824.24a − 1308.61a

− 1108.34;

− 1972.91

− 1088.06;

− 1631.16

− 554.51;

− 1093.97

− 606.34;

− 2010.89
Discomfort Strong to mild − 4625.24a − 4701.54a − 1615.53 a − 4275.56

− 18,159.16;

4860.13

− 19,374.17;

5957.98

− 8595.87;

3829.59

− 23,048.14;

10,268.30
Shared decision making Some to none − 1810.23a − 753.71a − 779.36a − 1798.31a

− 1381.69;

− 2238.77

− 485.55;

− 1021.88

− 512.76;

− 1045.96

− 1102.88;

− 2493.75
Some to full 2820.18 1422.61 1592.11a 3041.30a

5803.56;

− 11.16

2948.50;

− 54.07

2887.80;

248.13

7743.07;

665.32
Daily injections 3 to 1 430.59* 636.63a 190.02 514.95

854.94;

6.24

903.46;

369.81

458.17;

− 78.14

1213.76;

− 183.87
3 to 5 − 22.83 − 469.1a − 175.83 − 302.61

401.54;

− 447.2

− 202.95;

− 735.24

91.03;

− 442.7

392.13;

− 997.34

A positive value indicates that respondents would theoretically be willing to pay to secure a move to a more preferred level and a negative value indicates that respondents would theoretically be willing to pay to avoid a move to a less preferred level

aSignificant at a 95% confidence level

bOption value averages across treatment-specific constants A and B