Table 1.
Substance Identification and Classification. Substances Were Identified Based on Corresponding ICD-10 Codes. ICD-10 Definitions for Each Substance Code Are Presented in Brackets
| Substance | ICD-10 code |
|---|---|
| Opioids | |
| Heroin | T40.1 [heroin] |
| Natural and semi-synthetic opioids15 (excluding heroin and opium) | T40.2 [other opioids] |
| Methadone | T40.3 [methadone] |
| Synthetic opioids, excluding methadone15 | T40.4 [other synthetic narcotics] |
| Opium and other and unspecified narcotics | T40.1 [opium], T40.6 [other and unspecified narcotics] |
| Cocaine | T40.5 [cocaine] |
| Antiepileptic and sedative-hypnotic drugs (excluding barbiturates and benzodiazepines) | T42.0 [hydantoin derivatives], T42.1 [iminostilbenes], T42.2 [succinimides and oxazolidinediones], T42.5 [mixed antiepileptics, not elsewhere classified], T42.6 [other antiepileptic and sedative-hypnotic drugs], T42.7 [antiepileptic and sedative-hypnotic drugs, unspecified] |
| Barbiturates | T42.3 [barbiturates] (excludes thiobarbiturates) |
| Benzodiazepines | T42.4 [benzodiazepines] |
| Antidepressants | T43.0 [tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants], T43.1 [monoamine-oxidase-inhibitor antidepressants], T43.2 [other and unspecified antidepressants] |
| Antipsychotic drugs | T43.3 [phenothiazine antipsychotics and neuroleptics], T43.4 [butyrophenone and thioxanthene neuroleptics], T43.5 [other and unspecified antipsychotics and neuroleptics] |
| Psychostimulants (excluding cocaine) | T43.6 [psychostimulants with abuse potential] (excludes cocaine) |
| Other and unspecified substances | T50.9 [other and unspecified drugs, medicaments and biological substances] |
| Alcohol | T51.0 [ethanol], T51.9 [unspecified alcohols] |
| Other specified non-opioids | ICD-10 codes between T36.0 and T51.9 that are not listed above |