. 2022 Jun 1;10:892233. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.892233

Table 1.

Characteristics of the study group.

Overall (%)	All participants	Poland (n = 1,317)		Germany (n = 1,184)		United Kingdom (n = 1,087)
		Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male
	n = 3,588	1,030 (78.21)^B	287 (21.79)^a	994 (83.95)^A	190 (16.05)^b	911 (83.81)^A	176 (16.19)^b
Age ±SD (years)	32.08 ± 8.04	30.99^B ± 8.17	33.33^b ± 8.68	32.41^A ± 8.55	34.44^ab ± 8.35	31.67^A ± 6.96	34.20^a ± 6.69
18–30	1,778 (49.55)	580 (56.31)^A	132 (45.99)^a	482 (48.49)^B	70 (36.84)^a	456 (50.05)^AB	58 (32.95)^a
31–45	1,595 (44.45)	393 (38.16)^B	129 (44.95)^b	441 (44.37)^A	97 (51.05)^ab	425 (46.65)^A	110 (62.50)^a
46–60	183 (5.10)	46 (4.47)^A	22 (7.67)^a	61 (6.14)^A	22 (11.58)^a	24 (2.63)^A	8 (4.55)^a
61–75	29 (0.81)	10 (0.97)^A	4 (1.39)^a	8 (0.80)^A	1 (0.53)^a	6 (0.66)^A	0 (0.00)^a
>75	3 (0.08)	1 (0.10)^A	0 (0.00)^a	2 (0.20)^A	0 (0.00)^a	0 (0.00)^A	0 (0.00)^a
Weight ±SD (kg)	71.75 ± 16.99	66.50^C ± 14.09	85.09^a ± 13.62	70.84^A ± 17.27	87.35^a ± 15.61	68.50^B ± 16.07	85.77^a ± 13.27
High ±SD (cm)	169.32 ± 8.14	166.97^A ± 5.90	180.48^a ± 6.49	167.62^A ± 6.38	181.02^a ± 6.41	166.13^B ± 6.12	179.59^a ± 7.28
BMI value ±SD (kg/m²)	24.91 ± 5.24	23.80^B ± 4.59	26.11^a ± 3.97	25.21^A ± 5.96	26.64^a ± 4.41	24.80^A ± 5.56	26.57^a ± 3.68
<18.5	138 (3.84)	58 (5.63)^A	2 (0.70)^a	37 (3.72)^A	2 (1.05)^a	38 (4.17)^A	1 (0.57)^a
18.5–24.9	20,44 (56.98)	663 (64.37)^A	127 (44.25)^a	573 (57.65)^B	76 (40.00)^a	545 (59.82)^AB	60 (34.09)^a
25.0–29.9	899 (25.06)	199 (19.32)^A	118 (41.11)^a	204 (20.52)^A	75 (39.47)^a	216 (23.71)^A	87 (49.43)^a
>30.0	507 (14.13)	110 (10.68)^B	40 (13.94)^a	180 (18.11)^A	37 (19.47)^a	112 (12.29)^AB	28 (15.91)^a
City population (thous.)
<10	692 (19.29)	238 (23.11)^A	58 (20.21)^a	271 (27.26)^A	51 (26.84)^a	63 (6.92)^B	11 (6.25)^b
10–50	673 (18.76)	185 (17.96)^AB	39 (13.59)^b	230 (23.14)^A	51 (26.84)^a	144 (15.81)^B	24 (13.64)^ab
51–200	841 (23.44)	198 (19.22)^B	61 (21.25)^a	206 (20.72)^B	37 (19.47)^a	281 (30.85)^A	58 (32.95)^a
201–500	498 (13.88)	122 (11.84)^B	36 (12.54)^a	88 (8.85)^B	16 (8.42)^a	199 (21.84)^A	37 (21.02)^a
>500	884 (24.64)	287 (27.86)^A	93 (32.40)^a	199 (20.02)^B	35 (18.42)^b	224 (24.59)^AB	46 (26.14)^ab
Supplementation purpose
Health improvement	1,563 (43.56)	387 (37.57)^B	95 (33.10)^b	463 (46.58)^A	96 (50.53)^a	443 (48.63)^A	79 (44.89)^ab
Improvement of wellbeing	1,774 (49.44)	576 (55.92)^A	150 (52.26)^a	461 (46.38)^B	76 (40.00)^b	434 (47.64)^B	77 (43.75)^ab
Maintaining current state	53 (1.48)	12 (1.17)^A	4 (1.39)^a	19 (1.91)^A	7 (3.68)^a	5 (0.55)^A	6 (3.41)^a
Treatment support	65 (1.81)	33 (3.20)^A	2 (0.70)^a	15 (1.51)^A	0 (0.00)^a	15 (1.65)^A	0 (0.00)^a
Better results in sport	133 (3.71)	22 (2.14)^A	36 (12.54)^a	36 (3.62)^A	11 (5.79)^a	14 (1.54)^A	14 (7.95)^a

^ABCValues with different letters in the same row are significantly different at p <0.05 in the female group (Kruskal–Wallis test). ^abcValues with different letters in the same row are significantly different at p <0.05 in the male group (Kruskal–Wallis test).

BMI, body mass index.