Table 3.
Unadjusted and Adjusted Incident Rate Ratios for Health Care Utilization (All-Cause and Ambulatory Care-Sensitive Condition-Related Hospitalizations and Emergency Department Visits) and Process of Care Outcomes by Continuity of Primary Care
| Variable | Level of Relational Continuity of Pimary Care | Overall (n = 86,475) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poor (n = 16,143) |
Moderate (n = 25,948) |
High (n = 44,384) |
||||
| Health care utilization outcomes | All-cause hospitalizations | Patients, No. | 7,938 | 11,020 | 15,852 | 34,810 |
| All-cause hospitalizations, No. | 19,835 | 25,551 | 32,602 | 77,988 | ||
| Unadjusted incident rate ratio of all-cause hospitalizations (95% CI) | 1.85 (1.79-1.91) |
1.41 (1.37-1.45) |
(reference) | |||
| Adjusted incident rate ratio of all-cause hospitalizations (95% CI)a | 1.52 (1.47-1.57) |
1.28 (1.25-1.32) |
(reference) | |||
| ACSC-related hospitalizations | Patients, No. | 1,095 | 1,369 | 1,842 | 4,306 | |
| ACSC-related hospitalizations, No. | 1,714 | 2,045 | 2,730 | 6,489 | ||
| Unadjusted incident rate ratio of ACSC-related hospitalizations (95% CI) | 1.96 (1.77-2.16) |
1.35 (1.24-1.48) |
(reference) | |||
| Adjusted incident rate ratio of ACSC-related hospitalizations (95% CI)b | 1.58 (1.44-1.74) |
1.23 (1.13-1.34) |
(reference) | |||
| All-cause ED visits | Patients, No. | 11,234 | 16,237 | 23,681 | 51,152 | |
| All-cause ED visits, No. | 56,809 | 70,147 | 77,659 | 204,615 | ||
| Unadjusted incident rate ratio of all-cause ED visits (95% CI) | 2.18 (2.12-2.24) |
1.6 (1.56-1.64) |
(reference) | |||
| Adjusted incident rate ratio of all-cause ED visits (95% CI)a | 1.78 (1.73-1.83) |
1.42 (1.39-1.46) |
(reference) | |||
| ACSC-related ED visits | Patients, No. | 1,414 | 1,731 | 2,272 | 5,417 | |
| ACSC-related ED visits, No. | 2,294 | 2,726 | 3,441 | 8,461 | ||
| Unadjusted incident rate ratio of ACSC-related ED visits (95% CI) | 2.1 (1.92-2.29) |
1.44 (1.33-1.55) |
(reference) | |||
| Adjusted incident rate ratio of ACSC-related ED visits (95% CI)b | 1.68 (1.54-1.82) |
1.28 (1.19-1.38) |
(reference) | |||
| RAAS inhibitor | Patients, No. | 9,387 | 14,500 | 24,761 | 48,648 | |
| Process of care outcomes | Unadjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | 1.09 (1.05-1.14) |
1.0 (0.97-1.03) |
(reference) | ||
| Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | 1.03 (0.98-1.07) |
0.99 (0.96-1.02) |
(reference) | |||
| Patients, No. | 7,318 | 12,147 | 21,831 | 41,296 | ||
| Statin | Unadjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | 0.75 (0.69-0.8) |
0.86 (0.81-0.92) |
(reference) | ||
| Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | 0.8 (0.74-0.86) |
0.89 (0.84-0.95) |
(reference) | |||
ACSC = ambulatory care-sensitive condition; ED = emergency department; IQR = interquartile range; RAAS = renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
Adjusted by age, sex, household location, median household income quintile, cirrhosis, chronic heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, atrial fibrillation, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, diabetes, hypertension, and albuminuria severity.
Adjusted by age, sex, household location, median household income quintile, cirrhosis, peripheral vascular disease, atrial fibrillation, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, diabetes, and albuminuria severity.