Table 3.
Predictors of pain interference, activity engagement, and activity avoidance based on the LASSO model.
| Predictor | Outcome pain interference | Outcome activity engagement | Outcome activity avoidance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adolescent age | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Adolescent gender | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Adolescent pain duration (in mo) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Adolescent average pain intensity (over the past 6 mo) | 0.00 | −0.19 | 0.00 |
| Adolescent's baseline mean positive affect | −0.28 | 0.39 | −0.27 |
| Adolescent's baseline mean negative affect | 0.00 | −0.01 | 0.00 |
| Adolescent's variability of positive emotions | 0.01 | 0.29 | 0.00 |
| Adolescent's variability of negative emotions | −0.21 | −0.00 | 0.00 |
| Adolescent's expressive suppression | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Adolescent's cognitive reappraisal | 0.00 | −0.19 | 0.00 |
| Parent's history of chronic pain problem (yes or no) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Other parent's history of chronic pain problem (yes or no) | 0.00 | −0.15 | 0.00 |
| Parent's expressive suppression | −0.04 | −0.25 | 0.00 |
| Parent's cognitive reappraisal | 0.00 | −0.02 | 0.00 |
Values in bold are different from 0 and were hence not shrunk by the LASSO algorithm. Coefficients are standardized and thus denote by how many standard deviations the outcome (pain interference, activity avoidance, and activity engagement) changes for a change in the predictor by one standard deviation.
LASSO, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator.