Table 2.
Overview of diet-microbiome associations in the present study
| Findings in the present study | Previous studies | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Dietary factorsa | Associations with diet and health | References |
| [Eubacterium] ruminantium group | Long-term animal oil intake ( −) | SCFA-producing bacteria; decrease with an increasing protein/fat in diet; negative association with IL-2 and C-reactive protein | [48] |
| [Eubacterium] xylanophilum group | Long-term uPDI ( −) | SCFA-producing bacteria; inverse association with liver total triglycerides; lower in women who developed gestational diabetes | [48–50] |
| Blautia | Short-term hPDI ( +) | SCFA-producing bacteria; increased after high-fiber diet; linked with healthier eating behavior; negative association with visceral fat, Hb1Ac and inflammation | [41, 44, 45] |
| Catenisphaera | Short-term PDI ( −) | Increase with high-fat diet; decrease with flavonoids intake; enriched in acute coronary syndrome patients; potentially contribute to the inflammation; associated with host lipid metabolism | [51–53] |
| Dorea | Short-term hPDI ( −) | SCFA-producing bacteria; correlated with vegetal protein; higher in patients with irritable bowel syndrome | [54, 55] |
| Enterococcaceae spp. | Long-term nuts intake ( −) | No related information found | |
| Exiguobacterium |
Long-term uPDI ( +) Long-term legumes ( −) |
Involved in the starch hydrolysis | [56] |
| F0332 | Long-term uPDI ( +) | Enriched in children with dental caries; increased abundance in bacterial infection and asthma | [57–59] |
| Paraeggerthella | Long-term animal oil intake ( −) | Involved in ellagic acid metabolism and help produce anti-inflammatory metabolite isolecithine-A | [60, 61] |
| Peptostreptococcus | Long-term PDI ( −) | Involved in tryptophan metabolism; linked with inflammation | |
| Polynucleobacter |
Short-term hPDI ( +) Short-term uPDI ( −) |
SCFA-producing bacteria; potentially make up for disorders in glycogenolysis; enriched in healthy athletes | [43, 46, 47] |
| Ruminococcaceae UCG − 009 | Short-term hPDI ( +) | SCFA-producing bacteria; involved in amino acid metabolism | |
| Terrisporobacter | Long-term refined grains intake ( +) | Opportunistic pathogen; could degrade carbon sources (e.g., glucose, cellobiose, and xylose) | [62, 63] |
| ZOR0006 | Short-term uPDI ( +) | Enriched in the fish fed in the paddy field | [64] |
a( +) positive association; ( −) inverse association