TABLE 1.2.
Glandular sources of sex steroids in women.
Adrenal gland |
Ovary |
References | ||||||||
Menstrual cycle |
Post- menopause |
Menstrual cycle |
Post- menopause |
|||||||
Follicular | Midcycle | Luteal | Follicular | Midcycle | Luteal | |||||
Androgens | T | 66% | 40% | 66% | 50–100% | 33% | 60% | 33% | 21–50% | Abraham, 1974; Vermeulen, 1976; Couzinet et al., 2001; Fogle et al., 2007; Labrie, 2011 |
DHT | 50% | 100% | 50% | 27% | Vermeulen, 1976; Labrie, 2011 | |||||
Δ4 | 30%-55% | 30% | 40% | 66%-100% | 45% | 70% | 60% | 10%-33% | Abraham, 1974; Vermeulen, 1976; Arlt et al., 1998; Couzinet et al., 2001; Fogle et al., 2007; Labrie, 2011 | |
DHEA | 80% | 56% | 20% | 18% | Abraham, 1974; Vermeulen, 1976; Labrie, 2011 | |||||
DHEAS | 96% | 90% | 96% | 100% | 4% | 10% | 4% | 19% | Abraham, 1974; Vermeulen, 1976; Couzinet et al., 2001; Labrie, 2011 | |
Estrogens | E1 | 50%-60% | 100% | 100% | 0 | Saez et al., 1972; Kim et al., 1974; Arlt et al., 1998; Labrie, 2011 | ||||
E2 | 0 | 50%-83% | 100% | 17–50% | Saez et al., 1972; Kim et al., 1974; Arlt et al., 1998; Labrie, 2011 | |||||
Progestin | P | 0 | 100% | 100% | 0 | Kim et al., 1974; Vermeulen, 1976 |
DHEA, dehydroepiandrosterone; DHEAS, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; DHT, dihydrotestosterone; E1, estrone; E2, estradiol; P, progesterone; T, testosterone; Δ4, androstenedione.