Fig. 1. Social inclusion at work among STEM professionals, by intersectional demographic category, centered at mean for WAHM and arranged by size of differential from WAHM.

Predicted means for each category, holding constant variation by STEM field, employment sector, highest education, and age. Scale on the “social inclusion” measure ranges from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree), with higher number representing stronger agreement. Values represent the average divergence of each group’s experiences from those of WAHM. Values were produced by ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models with gender × race × LGBTQ status × disability status interaction terms. See the “Supplemental analysis” section in Materials and Methods for details. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals. N = 25,324. WAHM, white heterosexual men without disabilities; NA, Native American and Pacific Islander.