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. 2022 Jun 15;12:10031. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-13840-8

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© The Author(s) 2022, corrected publication 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effects of active and inactive A.muciniphila (at MOIs of 10, 50, and 100), its derived OMVs (50 and 100 μg/mL) and 7% (v/v [medium/cell-free supernatant]) cell free supernatant on the expression of PPARS (α, β/δ, and ϒ) genes in Caco-2 cells. Significancy is evaluated in comparison with control. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM. (*) and (^#) represent significant increase and decrease, respectively.*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < 0.0001 by one-way ANOVA and t-test statistical analysis. MOI: multiplicity of infection, OMV: outer membrane vesicle, Sup: supernatant.