Table 2.
Summary of SAT biases and Standard Deviation of Error (SDE) in the CARRA and ERA5 data sets at three observation sites (Karl XII-øya, Verlegenhuken, and Edgeøya) for the period 1998–2018.
| CARRA | ERA5 | Observed SAT | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Available | Not available | Available | Not available | Available | Not available | |||||
| Bias | SDE | Bias | SDE | Bias | SDE | Bias | SDE | |||
| November–April | ||||||||||
| Karl XII − øya | 0.2 | 0.9 (0.11) | 2.9 | 4.0 (0.37) | 0.7 | 1.9 (0.24) | 4.0 | 4.5 (0.42) | − 10.0 | − 16.9 |
| Edgeøya | − 0.3 | 0.9 (0.12) | 0.0 | 2.9 (0.34) | 0.1 | 1.7 (0.24) | 1.2 | 2.9 (0.34) | − 10.6 | − 13.9 |
| Verlegenhuken | 0.6 | 0.7 (0.11) | 0.3 | 1.9 (0.28) | 0.8 | 1.4 (0.21) | 0.5 | 1.9 (0.28) | − 10.5 | − 11.4 |
| May–October | ||||||||||
| Karl XII − øya | 0.0 | 0.5 (0.13) | 1.7 | 2.2 (0.60) | 0.4 | 1.1 (0.27) | 2.1 | 2.0 (0.54) | − 1.4 | − 3.2 |
| Edgeøya | 0.1 | 0.6 (0.14) | − 0.1 | 1.6 (0.36) | − 0.4 | 1.2 (0.30) | − 0.5 | 1.7 (0.37) | 0.2 | 0.0 |
| Verlegenhuken | 0.3 | 0.6 (0.14) | 0.2 | 1.2 (0.25) | 0.0 | 1.1 (0.27) | − 0.3 | 1.5 (0.32) | 0.1 | − 0.6 |
Biases (°C) and SDE (°C) are split into different seasons (NDJFMA and MJJASO) and compared to periods where observations are available/not available, for the production of CARRA and ERA5. The values in brackets show SDE (unitless) standardised with the variability (standard deviation) of the observations. The averaged observed SAT (°C) for each period is shown in separate columns.