TABLE 5.

The neuroprotection of ginsenoside Rb1 in SCI.

Models	Dose of Rb1	Effects	Mechanisms	References
SCI rats	40 mg/kg at 30 min and 24 h after SCI treatment	Increasing BBBs and reducing TUNEL positive cell proportion	Inactivating microglia; anti-inflammation	Dan Wang et al. (2021a)
SCI rats	10 mg/kg at 30 min after modeling and then daily for 7 days	Improving spinal cord function score	Anti-oxidant; anti-inflammation	Xinwei Liu et al. (2018b)
SCII rats	10–80 mg/kg 30 min before SCII and the same do as before every day until being sacrificed	Improving neurological function of hind limbs	Anti-oxidant; anti-apoptosis; increasing survivin protein expression	Ye et al. (2019)
SCII rats	10 mg/kg after SCII model for 7 days	Improving hindlimb locomotor dysfunction of rats	Anti-apoptosis	Dongxu Zhao et al. (2018a)
SCI rats	1.2–6 μg/day of dihydroginsenoside Rb1 intravenously infused	Rescuing damaged neurons in spinal cord	Anti-apoptosis and upregulating VEGF expression	Sakanaka et al. (2007)
SCI rats	20 mg/kg for 2 weeks	Decreasing the loss of motor neurons, promoting function recovery	Inhibiting autophagy in neurons, anti-apoptosis	Peng Wang et al. (2018b)