FIGURE 1.

Chemical structure of Gas and changes in learning memory and spatial memory of AD mice after administering Gas. (A) Chemical structure of Gas. (B) Changes in the number of arm entries in the Y-maze test. (C) Alternation in the Y-maze test. (D) Object recognition index in the NOR experiment. (E) Escape latency in the training phase in the water maze test. (F,G) Escape latency and number of platform crossings in the water maze test. The number of animals in each group is eight, and the data are presented as means ± SEM. ^{# and ##} indicate significant differences at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 compared with those of the normal control, respectively; ^{*, **,and ***}indicate significant differences at p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.01 compared with those of the Dgal group, respectively.