Table 2.
Characteristics and frequency distributions for PVV among 754 HWs.
|
No. of HWs
(%) |
Overall PVV | Psychological PVV | Physical PVV | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of HWs (%) | X2 (p) |
No. of HWs
(%) |
X2 (p) | No. of HWs (%) | X2 (p) | |||
| Total | 754 (100.0) | 220 (29.2) | 217 (28.8) | 31 (4.1) | ||||
| Gender | Female | 659 (87.4) | 202 (30.7) | 5.51 | 200 (30.3) | 6.28 | 20 (3.0) | 15.38 |
| Male | 95 (12.6) | 18 (18.9) | (0.019) | 17 (17.9) | (0.012) | 11 (11.6) | (0.000) | |
| Age | Under 35 | 297 (39.4) | 81 (27.3) | 1.64 | 78 (26.3) | 2.30 | 11 (3.7) | 0.63 |
| 35~45 | 427 (56.6) | 132 (30.9) | (0.44) | 132 (30.9) | (0.317) | 18 (4.2) | (0.728) | |
| 46 and older | 30 (4.0) | 7 (23.3) | 7 (23.3) | 2 (6.7) | ||||
| Profession | Nurse | 623 (82.6) | 199 (31.9) | 13.43 | 197 (31.6) | 14.24 | 18 (2.9) | 18.47 |
| Doctor | 114 (15.1) | 19 (16.7) | (0.001) | 18 (15.8) | (0.001) | 13 (11.4) | (0.000) | |
| Other HW | 17 (2.3) | 2 (11.8) | 2 (11.8) | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| Experience in health sector |
<1 year | 33 (4.4) | 4 (12.1) | 7.83 | 3 (9.1) | 9.76 | 2 (6.1) | 6.78 |
| 1–5 year | 227 (30.1) | 66 (29.1) | (0.166) | 64 (28.2) | (0.082) | 14 (6.2) | (0.238) | |
| 6–10 year | 247 (32.8) | 72 (29.1) | 72 (29.1) | 10 (4.0) | ||||
| 11–15 year | 142 (18.8) | 49 (34.5) | 49 (34.5) | 3 (2.1) | ||||
| 16–20 year | 60 (8.0) | 19 (31.7) | 19 (31.7) | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| Over 20 years | 45 (6.0) | 10 (22.2) | 10 (22.2) | 2 (4.4) | ||||
| Department | OED | 184 (24.4) | 56 (30.4) | 22.88 | 54 (29.3) | 23.24 | 9 (4.9) | 8.13 |
| General medicine | 270 (35.8) | 69 (25.6) | (0.000) | 68 (25.2) | (0.000) | 6 (2.2) | (0.149) | |
| General surgery | 85 (11.3) | 31 (36.5) | 31 (36.5) | 5 (5.9) | ||||
| Intensive care | 54 (7.2) | 12 (22.2) | 12 (22.2) | 2 (3.7) | ||||
| Specialized unit | 124 (16.4) | 50 (40.3) | 50 (40.3) | 9 (7.3) | ||||
| Support services | 37 (4.9) | 2 (5.4) | 2 (5.4) | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| Work in nights |
Yes | 352 (46.7) | 108 (30.7) | 0.72 | 107 (30.4) | 0.84 | 18 (5.1) | 1.68 |
| No | 402 (53.3) | 112 (27.9) | (0.395) | 110 (27.4) | (0.359) | 13 (3.2) | (0.195) | |
| Patients/clients most frequently work with | Newborns | 31 (4.1) | 8 (25.8) | 0.18 | 8 (25.8) | 0.14 | 3 (9.7) | 2.54 |
| (0.673) | (0.709) | (0.111) | ||||||
| Infants | 26 (3.4) | 19 (73.1) | 25.11 | 19 (73.1) | 25.78 | 6 (23.1) | 24.57 | |
| (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | ||||||
| Children | 88 (11.7) | 54 (61.4) | 49.95 | 54 (61.4) | 51.61 | 8 (9.1) | 6.27 | |
| (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.012) | ||||||
| Adolescents | 91 (12.1) | 47 (51.6) | 25.29 | 45 (49.5) | 21.57 | 7 (7.7) | 3.37 | |
| (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.067) | ||||||
| Adults | 466 (61.8) | 153 (32.8) | 7.89 | 151 (32.4) | 7.82 | 18 (3.9) | 0.19 | |
| (0.005) | (0.005) | (0.662) | ||||||
| Elderly | 393 (52.1) | 129 (32.8) | 5.28 | 129 (32.8) | 6.55 | 13 (3.3) | 1.34 | |
| (0.022) | (0.01) | (0.246) | ||||||
PVV, patient and visitor violence.
OED, Outpatient and emergency department.
Doctor: physicians, pharmacists, physical therapists, occupational therapists, and dietitians.
Nurse: nurse and midwife.
Other HWs: technical staff (e.g., laboratory/sterilization workers) and administrative staff.
Specialized unit: psychiatric, pediatrics, orthopedics, radiology.