Table 4.
Discrete implementation strategies mapped to relevant RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance) domains (N=98).
| Discrete implementation strategies—proportion of strategy examples; n (%) | Example strategy | Relevant RE-AIM domains |
| Develop and organize implementation quality monitoring systems and act on insights in a timely manner where feasible; 17 (17) | Improve maintenance and adherence through the timely presentation of findings from monthly user feedback surveys where after follow-up actions can be immediately applied to the intervention [64] | Effectiveness, implementation, and maintenance |
| Assess for readiness and tailor strategies to address identified barriers and benefit from facilitators; 13 (13) | Filled knowledge gaps surrounding the effectiveness of eMental health interventions in the workplace by conducting systematic reviews on relevant topics [52] | Reach, effectiveness, implementation, and maintenance |
| Use mass media to increase reach; 9 (9) | Users were recruited by sharing information about the intervention through advertisements distributed via email and the organizations’ intranet and magazine [59] | Reach |
| Capture local knowledge from implementation sites and involve users early in the implementation and intervention development effort; 8 (8) | A consultation process was carried out with users, clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, information technology professionals, and design and user experience specialists to ensure the app’s content and design appealed to a broad range of workers from different industries [40] | Reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance |
| Promote adaptability in the intervention to meet local needs without compromising fidelity; 8 (8) | Interventions were improved and adapted to each participating organization based on user feedback [36] | Reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance |
| Send reminders; 7 (7) | Automatic email reminders were sent based on user-determined intervals and user inactivity [45] | Implementation |
| Provide support to users during the intervention; 6 (6) | Users were able to contact the intervention coach at any time to ask for feedback, additional help, or advice and the coach would respond within 24 hours [59] | Implementation |
| Conduct educational meetings; 5 (5) | Senior and middle management–led introductory seminars with employees that aimed to explain the intervention, secure acceptance, provide answers to questions, and inspire their participation [64] | Reach, adoption, and implementation |
| Provide incentives; 5 (5) | Users received a certificate of completion and the training was recognized as continuing education toward the renewal of their professional certification [43] | Reach and implementation |
| Identify and prepare organizational champions who will dedicate themselves to supporting, marketing, and driving the implementation; 4 (4) | Identification of champions at the implementation site facilitated organizational and employee buy-in [46] | Reach, adoption, implementation, and maintenance |
| Involve senior management; 4 (4) | The program was developed as a quality improvement project by the hospital and all research procedures (ie, retrospectively reviewing these outcomes) were approved by the institutional review board at the hospital [58] | Reach, adoption, implementation, and maintenance |
| Provide opportunities for users to obtain feedback on progress; 4 (4) | Participants received immediate and automatic tailored feedback and could monitor their own responses and trends over time [45] | Implementation |
| Stage implementation scale-up; 4 (4) | Conducted a pilot study aimed at assessing the usability, feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of an app-based intervention designed to target depressive symptoms in a stressed working population [55] | Effectiveness and implementation |
| Customize recruitment activities to enhance reach; 3 (3) | When recruitment efforts did not attract enough participants, executives with the largest workforces in the region and industry were contacted directly via telephone and offered enrollment [45] | Reach and adoption |
| Develop and distribute educational materials; 3 (3) | All participants who returned the consent form received an email welcoming them to the study and explaining how to log in and use their personal webpage for the stress management program [65] | Reach, adoption, and implementation |
| Provide immediate opportunities to demonstrate commitment; 3 (3) | Management representatives were offered spots to enroll their organizations immediately after educational meetings about the intervention or to enroll at a later time [45] | Reach and adoption |
| Use advisory boards and workgroups to provide input and advice on implementation and improvements; 3 (3) | Systematic feedback was sought from researchers, expert clinicians, and veterans on the program and its content [60] | Implementation |