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. 2022 Jun 16;10:goac028. doi: 10.1093/gastro/goac028

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© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press and Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 3. — Jet lag aggravated DSS-induced colitis. Chronic circadian desynchronization alone did not have significant effects on body weight or colon histology. (A) Representative images of H&E-stained colon tissue sections revealed no significant difference in structure or lymphocyte infiltration between the two groups (six mice per group). (B) From the fourth day after DSS treatment, body weight was significantly decreased in the jet lag + DSS group than in the control + DSS group (six mice per group, t-test). (C) The colon length was significantly shorter in the jet lag + DSS group than in the control + DSS group (six mice per group; t-test). (D) The ATP level was significantly lower in the jet-lag group than in the control group, and there was a further decrease in the jet lag + DSS group compared with the ATP level in the control + DSS group at ZT4 and ZT16 (six mice per group; one-way ANOVA). (E) The disease activity index (DAI) score was significantly higher in the jet lag + DSS mice group than in control + DSS mice group (six mice per group; t-test). (F) DSS-induced colitis was exacerbated in jet-lagged mice, as evidenced by more extensive destruction of the mucosal layer and mucosal ulceration. (G) The histological score was significantly higher in jet lag + DSS mice group than in the control + DSS mice group and there was no significant difference between the control and the jet-lag groups (six mice per group; one-way ANOVA). Data are expressed as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05. ZT, zeitgeber time; DDS, dextran sodium sulfate; H&E, hematoxylin eosin; DAI, disease activity index; NS, not significant.