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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jun 10.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Res. 2022 Jun 9;130(12):1747–1762. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.122.320259

Figure 2. Chromosome composition and experimental comparisons of Four Core Genotypes (FCG) and XY* mouse models.

Figure 2.

(A) FCG mice allow interrogation of the effects of ovaries and testes independently from the effects of sex chromosomes through dissociation of the Sry gene from the Y chromosome (denoted Y‒ chromosome) and migration of Sry to an autosome. There is independent segregation of gonadal type (ovaries denoted in pink and testes in blue) and chromosomal type (XX or XY). Comparison of the FCG in a 2×2 matrix allows detection of gonadal and chromosomal effects. (B) The XY* model is valuable after identification of a sex chromosome effect on a trait of interest. It allows the discrimination of X and Y chromosome dosage as a determinant, which is valuable in further investigation of the genes and pathways that determine a sex difference. Analysis of FCG and XY* models is best performed as a 2×2 comparison as shown. See text for additional details.