TABLE 1.
Methodological characteristics of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-7 studies with baseline participant characteristics and outcome data
| First author, year [ref.] | Included in IPD meta-analysis | Country of study | IPF sample size | Study follow-up, months | Age, years | Male, % | Baseline FVC, % predicted | Baseline DLCO, % predicted | Relevant outcomes reported |
| Bauer, 2017 [30] | No | Multinational | 211 (BUILD-3 [42]) | NR | 63.1±8.9 | 64 | 75.7±10.7 | 47.7±10.7 | Disease progression (FVC ≥10% decline, DLCO ≥15%, acute exacerbation or death) up to end of study, change in FVC at 4 months |
| Hamai, 2016 [35] | Yes | Japan single centre | 65 | 28 (16–45) | 69.3±8.6 | 77 | 75.6±21.9 | 47.1±15.8 | 5-year mortality |
| Maher, 2017 [27] | Yes | UK multicentre | 106 (discovery) | 15 (15–15) | 70.8±8.3 | 78 | 79±18.9 | 43.3±14.8 | Overall mortality, disease progression at 12 months (all-cause mortality or FVC decline ≥10%) |
| Yes | 200 (validation) | 15 (15–15) | 72.5±7.7 | 76 | 81.4±19.2 | 49±16.9 | |||
| Navaratnam, 2014 [36]/Clynick, 2020 [37] # | Yes | UK multicentre | 205 | 42 (20–60) | 73.2±8.7 | 74 | 84.7±18.7 | 43.7±15.8 | Overall mortality, disease progression at 12 months (all-cause mortality or >10% FVC decline) |
| Neighbors, 2018 [26] | Yes | Multinational | 221 (CAPACITY [43]) | 18 (17–21) | 66.9±7.4 | 72 | 73.4±13.4 | 46.5±9.4 | At 12 months: disease progression (FVC ≥10% absolute decline or death), change in FVC, death |
| Yes | 244 (ASCEND [44]) | 12 (11–12) | 67.7±7.2 | 77 | 68.3±10.9 | 43.9±11.9 | |||
| Oldham , 2019 [38] | Yes | USA multicentre | 199 | 19 (8–32) | 71.5±8.9 | 74 | 68.5±19.1 | 48.5±20.4 | 24-month transplant-free survival, overall mortality |
| Peljto, 2013 [23] | No | Multinational | 438 (INSPIRE [45]) | 19 (14–25) | 66.6±7.5 | 74 | 72.2±12.4 | 47.3±8.9 | Overall mortality |
| Raghu, 2018 [39] | Yes | Multinational | 154 | 12 (12–12) | 67.9±8.4 | 64 | 71.5±19.6 | 40.9±15.9 | Disease progression at 52 weeks (FVC decrease ≥10% predicted or DLCO decrease >15% or lung transplantation or death) |
| Richards, 2012 [40] | No | USA single centre | 140 (derivation) | 22±19 | 67.2±8.3 | 72 | 62±19.6 | 44.8±17.1 | Overall mortality, disease progression (FVC relative decline ≥10% within any 1 year of follow-up) |
| Yes | 97 (validation) | 42 (14–60) | 68±8.7 | 66 | 60.8±17 | 45.4±19 | |||
| Rosas, 2018 [25] | Yes | USA multicentre | 58 | 11 (11–12) | 67.6±7.3 | 81 | 71.1±15.6 | 41.5±13.9 | Change in FVC |
| Sokai, 2015 [24] | No | Japan single centre | 57 | 15 (0.4–61)¶ | 69.4±8.5 | 90 | 84.2±21.3 | 43.7±14.2 | Overall mortality, disease progression (death, FVC decline ≥10%, DLCO ≥15% decline, admission due to respiratory failure) at 6 months |
| Tzouvelekis, 2017 [41] | Yes | USA single centre | 97 | 17 (8–17) | 70±8 | 79 | 70.2±16.5 | 47.2±16.9 | Overall mortality, disease progression (FVC decline >10% predicted over study period) |
Data are presented as mean±sd or median (interquartile range), unless otherwise stated. IPD: individual participant data; IPF: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; FVC: forced vital capacity; DLCO: diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; NR: not reported. #: post hoc analysis (Clynick et al. [37]) of Navaratnam et al. [36]. Original study did not report biomarker data. ¶: median (range).