Transverse Aortic Constriction
|
Mouse |
Severity of injury dependent on strain (BALB/c > C57BL/6 > 129S1/SvImJ) and substrain (C57BL/6Tac > C57BL/6NCrl > C57BL/6J). Model requires PES to induce in vivo arrhythmias |
143, 146, 168
|
Rat |
Develop spontaneous arrhythmias with catecholamine challenge |
466
|
Guinea Pig |
High mortality, develops catecholamine induced arrhythmias |
467
|
Rabbit |
In vivo injury, but arrhythmia studies completed ex-vivo with Langendorff system |
468
|
Pig |
Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction, no study of arrhythmias |
148
|
Ovine |
Model of Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction, no study of arrhythmias |
182
|
Myocardial Ischemia
|
Mouse |
Single left coronary artery leads to variation in severity of injury. Model requires PES with catecholamine challenge to induced arrhythmias |
194, 197, 199
|
Rat |
Requires PES and catecholamine challenge to induce ventricular arrhythmias reliably, but rare spontaneous arrhythmias |
469
|
Rabbit |
PES done as ex-vivo in Langendorff system |
470
|
Dog |
Atrial ischemia extensive studied |
471
|
Pig |
High mortality due to poor collateral circulation, early spontaneous VT/VF during injury and late model of SCD |
472
|
Sheep |
High mortality with spontaneous ventricular arrhythmia |
473
|
AV node ablation
|
Rat |
High mortality, particularly in male rats. Requires specialized surgical equipment and skill |
228
|
Rabbit |
Studied completed ex-vivo in Langendorff system |
474
|
Dog |
Can be induced minimally invasively with low mortality |
230, 231
|
Sheep |
Can be induced minimally invasively with low mortality, model of TdP |
235
|
Chronic atrial pacing
|
Rat |
Model for AF |
257
|
Rabbit |
In-vivo pacing, but PES studied completed ex-vivo with Langendorff system |
252
|
Dog |
AF and spontaneous VT model, recapitulates tachycardia mediated cardiomyopathy |
475
|
Pig |
AF model, recapitulates tachycardia mediated cardiomyopathy |
476
|
Chronic ventricular pacing
|
Mouse |
Requires tethered or ex-vivo pacing |
255
|
Rat |
Model tachycardia mediated cardiomyopathy with VF induction with rapid pacing |
477, 478
|
Dog |
Recapitulates tachycardia mediated cardiomyopathy, model of spontaneous AF and VT |
479
|
Sheep |
Recapitulates tachycardia mediated cardiomyopathy with reduced ejection fraction, no studies of arrhythmia |
254
|
Pig |
480
|
Inflammation
|
Mouse |
Strain specific susceptibility. C3H/He and DBA/2 mice susceptible to viral myocarditits while C57BL/6 are protected. BALB/c susceptible to immunogen induced myocarditis while C57BL/6 more resistive |
284, 285
|
Rat |
Model of AF, but non-physiological induction of inflammation with talc |
276
|
Guinea Pig |
481
|
Dog |
274
|
Sheep |
275
|
Metabolic/Drug-Induced
|
Mouse |
Streptozotocin and DIO models well established, increased susceptibility to AF and VT with PES |
482, 483
|
Rat |
Age-dependent fibrosis found in Fisher 344 rat strain, model of AF |
484
|
Rabbit |
Established model of clofilium induced TdP |
485
|