Table 2. Forecast model accuracy comparison.

Prediction model	Dissolved oxygen			Water temperature			Salinity
	MAE	MSE	R 2	MAE	RMSE	R 2	MAE	MSE	R 2
SVR	0.1514	0.0359	0.9235	0.1794	0.0486	0.8963	0.2495	0.0893	0.8297
CNN	0.0668	0.0064	0.9861	0.0530	0.2101	0.9301	0.1965	0.0931	0.8105
RF	0.0798	0.0098	0.9785	0.1373	0.1876	0.8959	0.0859	0.0559	0.9655
RNN	0.0785	0.0165	0.9691	0.1026	0.0217	0.9593	0.0888	0.0184	0.9825
LSTM	0.0449	0.0041	0.9864	0.1010	0.0285	0.9845	0.0961	0.0136	0.9825
GRU	0.0485	0.0059	0.9889	0.0912	0.0191	0.9891	0.0846	0.0169	0.9827
IWOA-GRU	0.0335	0.0035	0.9983	0.0361	0.0072	0.9954	0.0533	0.0118	0.9947

Notes.

Results for the IWOA-GRU model are shown in bold.