Table 1.
AIDS Linked to the IntraVenous Experience (ALIVE) bone participant characteristics
| Men (N = 176) | Women (N = 102) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 58 (54 to 62) | 54 (50 to 57) | .23 |
| Education ≥ high school,% | 48% | 36% | .04 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.5 (21.4 to 28.7) | 27.7 (22.9 to 33.5) | < .001 |
| Current smoker,% | 76% | 77% | .92 |
| Current alcohol use,% | 62% | 40% | <.001 |
| Current injection drug use,% | 42% | 31% | .08 |
| HCV RNA ≤ 15 IU/mL, % | 27% | 39% | .03 |
| HIV positive, No. | 53 | 35 | |
| CD4 + T cell count, cells/mm3 | 559 (340 to 731) | 420 (248 to 588) | .33 |
| On ART, % | 92% | 85% | .40 |
| HIV RNA ≤ 400 copies/mL, % | 72% | 70% | .84 |
| Hypertension, % | 47% | 54% | .29 |
| Diabetes, % | 10% | 10.6% | .88 |
| Depressive symptoms, CES-D, % | 28% | 28% | ≥ .99 |
| Renal disease, % | 1% | 1% | .91 |
| Chronic lung disease, % | 12% | 40% | < .001 |
| Stroke, % | 2% | 3.0% | .72 |
| Liver disease, % | 4% | 7% | < .001 |
| AST, U/L | 34(26 to 55) | 26 (19 to 42) | .01 |
| ALT, U/L | 27 (19 to 46) | 19 (13 to 32) | .003 |
| AST level > 2.5 × ULN | 44% | 29% | .02 |
| ALT level > 2.5 × ULN | 30% | 10% | .04 |
| Walk speed, m/s | 0.97 (0.81 to 1.13) | 0.96 (0.81 to 1.14) | .71 |
| Grip strength, kg | 40 (34 to 46) | 27 (22 to 32) | .025 |
| SPPB score | 11 (10 to 12) | 9 (9 to 11) | .82 |
| Robust, % | 21% | 22% | .88 |
| Prefrail, % | 52% | 50% | .76 |
| Frail, % | 11% | 11% | .97 |
| T-score lumbar spine (SD) | 0.21 (–0.52 to 1.16) | –0.34 (–1.46 to 55) | .0013 |
| T-score total hip (SD) | 0.20 (–0.52 to 1.14) | –0.33 (–1.45 to 0.54) | .0002 |
| T-score femoral neck (SD) | 0.21 (–0.52 to 1.15) | –0.33 (–1.45 to 0.54) | .0001 |
| Wb. lean mass, kg | 51.8 (47.8 to 58.9) | 41.2 (38.2 to 47.4) | < .001 |
| Wb. fat mass, kg | 20.7 (15.4 to 28.9) | 31.4 (21.8 to 43.8) | < .001 |
| Free testosterone, pg/mL | 87 (56 to 142) | 58 (43 to 79) | < .001 |
| Total testosterone, ng/dL | 439 (276 to 590) | 19.6 (12.9 to 28.6) | < .001 |
| Estradiol, pg/mL | 11 (7 to 17) | 3 (2 to 7) | .026 |
| SHBG, nmol/L | 76 (53 to 102) | 93 (64 to 138) | .005 |
Data are expressed as median (Q1-Q3) and percentage.
Abbreviations: ALT, alanine transaminase; ART, antiretroviral therapy; AST, aspartate transaminase; BMI, body mass index; CES-D, Centers for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale score ≥ 16; HCV, hepatitis C virus; SHBG, sex hormone–binding globulin; SPPB, Short Physical Performance Battery; Wb., whole body.