Table 2.
Different causes of mortality risks between patients with DPP4i and with SGLT2i use in the propensity score matched population.
| Events, n | Person-years | Mortality rate per 100 person-years | Crude HR (95% CI) | p value | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Deaths from all causes | |||||||
| DPP4i (N = 53,264) | 820 | 66,101.22 | 12.41 | REF | REF | ||
| SGLT2i (N = 53,264) | 563 | 64,908.64 | 8.67 | 0.70 (0.63–0.78) | < 0.001 | 0.66 (0.59–0.74) | < 0.001 |
| Dapagliflozin (N = 29,834) | 284 | 36,357.31 | 7.81 | 0.63 (0.55–0.72) | < 0.001 | 0.65 (0.57–0.75) | < 0.001 |
| Empagliflozin (N = 23,403) | 278 | 28,374.46 | 9.8 | 0.80 (0.69–0.91) | < 0.001 | 0.67 (0.58–0.76) | < 0.001 |
| Canagliflozin (N = 601) | 1 | 176.87 | 5.65 | 0.62 (0.09–4.42) | 0.63 | 0.62 (0.09–4.41) | 0.63 |
| Cardiovascular deaths | |||||||
| DPP4i (N = 53,264) | 205 | 66,101.22 | 3.1 | REF | REF | ||
| SGLT2i (N = 53,264) | 144 | 64,908.64 | 2.22 | 0.72 (0.58–0.89) | 0.003 | 0.68 (0.55–0.84) | < 0.001 |
| Dapagliflozin (N = 29,533) | 68 | 36,357.31 | 1.87 | 0.61 (0.46–0.80) | < 0.001 | 0.63 (0.48–0.84) | 0.001 |
| Empagliflozin (N = 23,136) | 76 | 28,374.46 | 2.68 | 0.87 (0.67–1.13) | 0.30 | 0.73 (0.56–0.95) | 0.02 |
| Canagliflozin (N = 595) | 0 | 176.87 | 0 | – | – | ||
| Cancer deaths | |||||||
| DPP4i (N = 53,264) | 199 | 66,101.22 | 3.01 | REF | REF | ||
| SGLT2i (N = 53,264) | 151 | 64,908.64 | 2.33 | 0.78 (0.63–0.96) | 0.02 | 0.73 (0.59–0.90) | 0.003 |
| Dapagliflozin (N = 29,533) | 81 | 36,357.31 | 2.23 | 0.75 (0.58–0.97) | 0.03 | 0.76 (0.59–0.99) | 0.04 |
| Empagliflozin (N = 23,136) | 69 | 28,374.46 | 2.43 | 0.82 (0.62–1.07) | 0.15 | 0.68 (0.52–0.90) | 0.007 |
| Canagliflozin (N = 595) | 1 | 176.87 | 5.65 | 3.18 (0.44–22.76) | 0.25 | 3.24 (0.45–23.38) | 0.24 |
| Non-cancer, non-vascular deaths | |||||||
| DPP4i (N = 53,264) | 416 | 66,101.22 | 6.29 | REF | REF | ||
| SGLT2i (N = 53,264) | 268 | 64,908.64 | 4.13 | 0.66 (0.57–0.77) | < 0.001 | 0.62 (0.53–0.72) | < 0.001 |
| Dapagliflozin (N = 29,533) | 135 | 36,357.31 | 3.71 | 0.59 (0.49–0.72) | < 0.001 | 0.61 (0.50–0.74) | < 0.001 |
| Empagliflozin (N = 23,136) | 133 | 28,374.46 | 4.69 | 0.75 (0.62–0.91) | 0.004 | 0.63 (0.52–0.76) | < 0.001 |
| Canagliflozin (N = 595) | 0 | 176.87 | 0 | – | – | ||
Adjusted models were adjusted by age, gender, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cerebral vascular disease, coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease, diabetes medications usage (GLP-1 agonist, insulin, and metformin), and other medication usages (aspirin, ACEI/ARB and statin).