TABLE 4.
Factors associated with medication non-adherence.
| No | Authors | Year | Type of Study | Country | Patient-Related Factors (Socio-Economic, Perceptions and Belief) | Illness-Related Factors (Severity of Illness and Frequency of Symptoms) | Medication-Related Factors (Number of Daily Doses, Efficacy, and Side Effects), Cost | Physician-Related Factors (Patient-Physician Relationship) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chambers et al. (Chambers et al., 2011) | 2011 | Cross-sectional survey | United Kingdom | Lack of knowledge Forgetfulness | — | Side effect of medication | Lack of support from health professionals |
| 2 | Sjölander et al. (Sjölander et al., 2013) | 2013 | Cross-sectional survey | Sweden | Lack of confidence in medication 9.7% | — | — | — |
| 3 | Cheiloudaki et al. (Cheiloudaki and Alexopoulos, 2019) | 2019 | Cross-sectional survey | United Kingdom | Patient’s perception of medication necessity | — | — | Doctor–patient communication |
| Patient living alone 56.3% | ||||||||
| 4 | Han et al. (Han et al., 2020) | 2019 | Cross-sectional study | Brunei | Lack of knowledge | — | Complex medication regimen 9.1% | - Doctors change the prescription 1.3% |
| 5 | Rohde et al. (Rohde et al., 2019) | 2019 | Observational cohort study | Ireland | Lack of knowledge | — | — | — |
| 6 | Saade et al. (Saade et al., 2021) | 2019 | Cross-sectional study | Lebanon | — | — | Side effects | — |
| Cost | ||||||||
| 7 | De Schryver et al. (De Schryver et al., 2005) | 2005 | Cohort study | Netherlands | — | Less severity of the symptoms | Side effects | — |
| 8 | Arif et al. (Arif et al., 2007) | 2007 | Cross-sectional survey | Pakistan | — | No improvement in condition | — | Doctors change the prescription |
| 9 | Khan et al. (Khan et al., 2010) | 2010 | Cohort study | Canada | — | — | Complex medication regimen | — |
| 10 | Bushnell et al. (Bushnell et al., 2011) | 2011 | Cohort study | US | — | — | — | Doctors change the prescription |
| 11 | Kronish et al. (Kronish et al., 2013) | 2012 | Cross-sectional study | US | — | — | Side effects | Lack of trust in healthcare provider |
| Difficulty accessing healthcare | ||||||||
| 12 | Ostergaard et al. (Østergaard et al., 2012) | 2012 | Cohort study | Denmark | — | — | — | — |
| 13 | Wei et al. (Wei et al., 2017) | 2017 | Cross-sectional study | China | Concerns about their medication | — | Side effects | — |
| 14 | Kim et al. (Kim et al., 2018) | 2017 | Retrospective cohort study | Korea | — | — | Side effects | — |
| 15 | Jiang et al. (Jiang et al., 2017) | 2013 | Cohort study | China | Forgetfulness | — | — | — |