Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the 612 SARS-CoV-2-infected patients against lineages.
| Overall N = 612 | Lineages | P-value§ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B/B.1/B.1.1 | B.1.177 (EU) | B.1.1.7 (Alfa) | P.1/P.1.1 (Gamma) | B.1.617.2/ AY (Delta) | Othera | |||
| N = 30 (4.9%) | N = 253 (41.3%) | N = 127 (20.8%) | N = 35 (5.7%) | N = 139 (22.7%) | N = 28 (4.6%) | |||
| Demographic characteristics | ||||||||
| Age, years: | 2 (1–6) | 5 (1–8) | 2 (1–6) | 3 (1–6) | 1 (1–6) | 2 (1–7) | 1 (1–7) | 0.163 |
| < 1 | 215 (35.1) | 7 (23.3) | 100 (39.5) | 39 (30.7) | 14 (40.0) | 43 (30.9) | 12 (42.9) | 0.228 |
| 1–5 | 217 (35.5) | 9 (30.0) | 85 (33.6) | 54 (42.5) | 12 (34.3) | 50 (36.0) | 7 (25.0) | 0.384 |
| ≥ 5 | 180 (29.4) | 14 (46.7) | 68 (26.9) | 34 (26.8) | 9 (25.7) | 46 (33.1) | 9 (32.1) | 0.726 |
| Sex, Male | 345 (56.4) | 16 (53.3) | 139 (54.9) | 77 (60.6) | 21 (60.0) | 78 (56.1) | 13 (46.4) | 0.766 |
| Origin | ||||||||
| Caucasian | 527 (86.1) | 19 (63.3) | 222 (87.7) | 112 (88.2) | 30 (85.7) | 122 (87.8) | 22 (78.6) | 0.631 |
| Asian | 30 (4.9) | 3 (10.0) | 8 (3.2) | 5 (3.9) | 3 (8.6) | 6 (4.3) | 5 (17.9) | 0.074 |
| North American | 10 (1.6) | 2 (6.7) | 4 (4.6) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0.258 |
| Latin American | 20 (3.3) | 3 (10.0) | 5 (2.0) | 6 (4.7) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (4.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.056 |
| African | 25 (4.1) | 3 (10.0) | 14 (5.5) | 3 (2.4) | 2 (5.7) | 2 (1.4) | 1 (3.6) | 0.728 |
| Residency | ||||||||
| Lazio | 587 (95.9) | 26 (86.7) | 246 (97.2) | 123 (96.9) | 32 (91.4) | 137 (98.6) | 23 (82.1) | 0.13 |
| Othersb/Unknown | 25 (4.1) | 4 (13.3) | 7 (2.8) | 4 (3.1) | 3 (8.6) | 2 (1.4) | 5 (17.9) | 0.13 |
| Comorbidityc | 51 (8.3) | 5 (16.7) | 21 (8.3) | 7 (5.5) | 2 (5.7) | 15 (10.8) | 1 (3.6) | 0.916 |
| First diagnosis | 02.21 (11.20–21.21) | 07.20 (03.20–10.20) | 11.20 (10.20–01.21) | 03.21 (03.21–04.21) | 04.21 (03.21–05.21) | 08.21 (07.21–08.21) | 01.21 (01.21–03.21) | < 0.0001 |
| Clinical characteristics | ||||||||
| COVID-19 at SARS-CoV-2 testingd | ||||||||
| Milde | 436 (83.2) | 17 (58.6) | 180 (81.4) | 93 (93.9) | 25 (83.3) | 107 (84.3) | 14 (77.8) | 0.864 |
| Moderate/severef | 51 (9.7) | 6 (20.7) | 20 (9.0) | 4 (4.0) | 2 (6.7) | 17 (13.4) | 2 (11.1) | 0.995 |
| Asymtomatic | 37 (7.1) | 6 (20.7) | 21 (9.5) | 2 (2.0) | 3 (10.0) | 3 (2.4) | 2 (11.1) | 0.797 |
| Hospitalizationg | 107 (19.9) | 12 (41.4) | 43 (18.9) | 8 (7.8) | 6 (18.8) | 34 (26.6) | 4 (22.2) | 0.571 |
| Lenght of hospitalization, daysh | 3 (3–10) | 7 (4–9) | 5 (3–10) | 4 (3–12) | 6 (4–7) | 3 (2–10) | 4 (2–8) | 0.431 |
| SARS-CoV-2 rtPCRi | ||||||||
| Mean cycle thresholds | 18 (15–22) | 20 (15–24) | 19 (16–23) | 18 (15–22) | 17 (13–22) | 17 (14–20) | 20 (16–24) | < 0.0001 |
| E | 18 (14–22) | 19 (14–24) | 19 (16–23) | 17 (15–22) | 17 (12–21) | 15 (13–18) | 20 (16–25) | < 0.0001 |
| RdRp | 19 (16–23) | 20 (15–26) | 19 (16–23) | 19 (15–22) | 17 (12–22) | 18 (16–20) | 20 (16–25) | 0.043 |
| N/N2 | 18 (15–22) | 21 (18–29) | 19 (15–22) | 18 (15–22) | 17 (12–21) | 16 (14–19) | 20 (17–24) | < 0.0001 |
| SARS-CoV-2 RNA ddPCR log copies/mL | 7.7 (6.1–8.5) | 6.8 (5.8–8.5) | 7.2 (6.1–8.4) | 7.7 (6.2–8.5) | 8.0 (6.1–8.6) | 8.4 (2.3–9.8) | 6.6 (5.9–8.1) | < 0.0001 |
| < 6 log copies/mL | 106 (17.3) | 9 (30.0) | 48 (19.0) | 24 (18.9) | 3 (8.6) | 12 (8.6) | 10 (35.7) | 0.134 |
| > 6–7 log copies/mL | 124 (20.3) | 6 (20.0) | 63 (24.9) | 23 (18.1) | 9 (25.7) | 17 (12.2) | 6 (21.4) | 0.883 |
| 7–8 log copies/mL | 148 (24.2) | 5 (16.7) | 66 (26.1) | 34 (26.8) | 9 (25.7) | 29 (20.9) | 5 (17.9) | 0.711 |
| 8–8.5 log copies/mL | 100 (16.3) | 4 (13.3) | 32 (12.6) | 18 (14.2) | 4 (11.4) | 36 (25.9) | 6 (21.4) | 0.336 |
| > 8.5 log copies/mL | 134 (21.9) | 6 (20.0) | 44 (17.4) | 28 (22.0) | 10 (28.6) | 45 (32.4) | 1 (3.6) | 0.452 |
Data are expressed as median (IQR), or N (%). §Two-sided P-values were calculated by Kruskal–Wallis test, or Chi-square test for trend, as appropriate. aIncludes: B.1.160 (n = 14), B.1.221 (n = 2); B.1.258 (n = 4), B.1.351 (n = 1), B.1.36 (n = 2), B.1.525 (n = 2), B.1.398 (n = 1), B.1.416 (n = 1), C.36.3 (n = 1). bOther includes Abruzzo (n = 3), Emilia-Romagna (n = 3), Lombardia (n = 1), Puglia (n = 2), Umbria (n = 1), Unknown (N = 16). cIncluding respiratory disorders (n = 15), cognitive disorders (n = 12), oncohematological diseases (n = 9), heart diseases (n = 7), kidney diseases (n = 3), metabolic disorders (n = 3), hematological disorders (n = 2). dData available for 524 patients. eIncluding: symptoms of upper respiratory airways (rinhitis, pharyngo-adenitis, laryngitis) and/or gastrointestinal symptoms. fIncluding: symptoms of lower respiratory airways (pneumonia, bronchitis and bronchiolitis) with or without gastrointestinal symptoms. gHospitalization related to COVID-19; data available for 536 patients. hData available for 122 patients. iReal-time reverse transcription PCR Ct (cycle threshold) values were obtained by AllplexTM 2019-nCoV Assay Seegene (target E, RdRp, N), and Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 Assay, Cepheid (Target E and N2).