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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jun 17.
Published in final edited form as: IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control. 2022 Mar 30;69(4):1243–1256. doi: 10.1109/TUFFC.2022.3150186

TABLE IV.

FWHM Error Parameter C For Membrane and Needle Hydrophones

Hydrophone Type Membrane Membrane Needle
Data Simulation Expt Simulation
Method SB-SC SB-SC SB-SC
σq σm SI C (RMSD) C (RMSD) C (RMSD)
Linear 0 0 0 5% (2%) 9% (4%) 4% (3%)
Nonlinear 0.5 0.4 4% 16% (4%) 14% (5%)
Nonlinear 1.0 0.8 12% 30% (5%) 30% (10%) 27% (6%)
Nonlinear 2.0 1.6 29% 62% (9%) 57% (10%)
Nonlinear 3.0 2.2 35% 74% (10%) 67% (12%)
Nonlinear 4.0 3.1 45% 100% (13%) 89% (14%)
Nonlinear 5.0 3.9 49% 120% (20%) 109% (20%)

Linear model functions Cx were used to fit to relative errors in FWHM, where x = dg / (λ1F/#). Nonlinearity indexes are σq (local distortion parameter), σm (nonlinear propagation parameter), and SI (spectral index). RMSD: root-mean-squared difference between data and functional fits. SB-SC: scan-based spatial convolution.