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. 2022 Jun 16;20:284. doi: 10.1186/s12951-022-01479-6

Table 1.

Contrast agents for MRI and multimodal imaging modalities

Materials Targeting moiety Tumor model Imaging method References
Fe3O4 (MNP) MT Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T2) [62]
Lf-SPION Lf Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T2) [63]
HPF-NSCs NSCs Orthotopic U251T.eGFP.ffluc mice model MRI(T2) [64]
NPCP-BG-CTX CTX and CED Orthotopic GBM6-luc mice model MRI(T2) [65]
MGMSPID Interleukin-13 Orthotopic U251 mice model MRI(T2) [66]
M-HFn HFn Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T2) [67]
SPION-EGF EGF Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T2) [68]
Rhodamine-Mfls MT Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T2) [69]
SPION-Hsp70 Hsp70 Orthotopic 9 L mice model MRI(T2) [70]
SD-MD MT Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T2) [71]
CARD-B6 B6 Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T2) [72]
RGD-magnetosomes RGD Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T2) [73]
CLIO-ICT ICT2588 Orthotopic pcGBM39 mice model MRI(T2) [74]
ND-MMSNS Neutrophils Orthotopic U87-Luc/C6-Luc mice model MRI(T2) [75]
RGE-Exo-SPION/Cur RGE Orthotopic U251 mice model MRI(T2) [76]
NPCP-CTX CTX and CED Orthotopic GBM6 mice model MRI(T2) [77]
Ang-LiB(T + AN@siTGF-β) Ang Orthotopic GL261 mice model MRI(T2) [78]
IUdR/NGO/SPION/PLGA MT Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T2) [79]
I6P7-SPIO I6P7 Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T2) [80]
USPIO-PEG-tLyP-1 tLyP-1 Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T2) [81]
PTPu-IO PTPu Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T2) [82]
GrB-SPION GrB Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T2) [83]
NP-MTX-CTX CTX Subcutaneous 9 L mice model MRI(T2) [84]
NP-PEG-CTX CTX Subcutaneous 9 L mice model MRI(T2) [85]
MPGNPs – Subcutaneous C6 mice model MRI(T2) [86]
Fe3O4@Au-C225 C225 Subcutaneous U251 mice model MRI(T2) [87]
Gd-DTPA-DGLs-PEG-CTX CTX Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T1) [88]
DPC-DTPA-Gd CD Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T1) [42]
Gd-NGO/Let-7 g/EPI – Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T1) [89]
Au@DTDTPA-Gd – Orthotopic 9LGS mice model MRI(T1) [90]
Gd3N@C80(OH)x(NH2)y((amino-1)) Interleukin-13 Orthotopic U251 mice model MRI(T1) [91]
iRPPA@TMZ/MnO iRGD Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T1) [92]
Den-RGD-Reg + Gd3+-DTPA RGD and Regadenoson Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T1) [93]
NaGdF4-TAT-labeled T cell T cell Orthotopic GL261 mice model MRI(T1) [94]
HA-MnO2 HA Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T1) [95]
CPP-2 Ang Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T1) [96]
MnO2@Tf-ppIX Tf Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T1) [37]
AGuIX@PS@KDKPPR KDKPPR Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T1) [97]
Fe3O4-ANG ANG Orthotopic U87L mice model MRI(T1) [98]
M-CSTD.NHAC/Cu(II) RGD and DER Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T1) [99]
Pt/MnO2@PVCL NGs Macrophage membrane Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T1) [56]
HB-POEGMA-cRGD-Gd cRGD Subcutaneous U87MG mice model MRI(T1) [100]
rUCNPs@HSA(Ce6-Mn)-RGD RGD Subcutaneous U87MG mice model MRI(T1) [101]
Mn-ZIF-8/5-Fu – Subcutaneous U87MG mice model MRI(T1) [102]
Cu2(OH)PO4@PAA – Subcutaneous U251 mice model MRI(T1) [103]
PFC-labeled CAR T CAR T Subcutaneous U87-EGFRvIII-Luc mice model 19F MRI [104]
TAT-PFC- labeled CAR T CAR T Subcutaneous U87-EGFRvIII-Luc mice model 19F MRI [105]
G5-SA-D-Ac CED Orthotopic U87MG mice model CEST-MRI [106]
YbHPDO3A – Orthotopic U87MG mice model CEST-MRI [107]
Fe0.6Mn0.4O – Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T1/T2) [108]
Fe-NCP – Orthotopic GL261 mice model MRI(T1/T2) [109]
Mn-NEB + BSA – Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T1/T2) [110]
NP-S-S-PEP RGD Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T1/T2) [111]
Fe3O4@SiO2@mSiO2/DOX-(Gd-DTPA)-PEG-RGE RGE Subcutaneous U87MG mice model MRI(T1/T2) [112]
D@HMON@FG@R2 RGD Subcutaneous U87MG mice model MRI(T1/T2) [113]
POP/DCM@P-Mn-SPIO – Orthotopic 12FLR mice model TMRET(T1/T2) [114]
PFOB RGD Orthotopic U87MG mice model 19 F MRI/FI [115]
Au-AZ/Au-AK ANG Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T1)/Raman [116]
Cy5.5-Lf-MPNA Lf Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T2)/FI [117]
FluoroMags – Orthotopic GBM-NSs mice model MRI(T2)/FI [118]
QSC-Lip MT Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T2)/FI [119]
SPIO@DSPE-PEG/DOX/ICG – Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T2)/FI [120]
BFNP – Subcutaneous C6 mice model MRI(T2)/FI [121]
ICG-SPIO – Subcutaneous U251 mice model MRI(T2)/PAI [122]
Tb-doped MnCO3 – Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T1)/photoluminescence [123]
CTX-NaGdF4:Ho3+ CTX Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T1)/FI [124]
P/Gd-DTPA/cetuximab/MsTfR-mAb/Alexa-680 cetuximab/MsTfR-mAb Orthotopic EGFR+U87MG mice model MRI(T1)/FI [125]
MnO – Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T1)/FI [126]
NCDDG – Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T1)/FI [127]
Gd-Ag2S – Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T1)/NIR-II FI [128]
CH4T@MOF-PEG-AE AE105 Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T2)/NIR-II FI [129]
Den RGD-Angio RGD Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T1)/NIR FI [130]
Gd/MnCO3-PEG-Cy5.5-FA FA Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T1)/NIR FI [131]
MnO-PEG-Cy55 – Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T1)/NIR FI [132]
ICG-FA-PPC FA Subcutaneous U87MG mice model MRI(T1)/NIR FI [133]
Cy5.5-Lf-SPIO Lf Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T2)/NIR FI [134]
Cy5.5-Fe3O4-PEG-RGD-FA RGD and FA Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T2)/NIR FI [135]
DANG/Cy7-SPIONs DANG Orthotopic Luc-U87MG mice model MRI(T2)/NIR FI [38]
NPC-Cy5.5 CTX 9 L cell MRI(T2)/NIR FI [136]
64Cu-DOTA-IO-RGD RGD Subcutaneous U87MG mice model MRI(T2)/PET [137]
Gd@C82-Ala-PEG-cRGD-(NOTA-64Cu or 89Zr) cRGD Subcutaneous U87MG mice model MRI(T1)/PET [138]
64Cu-cRGD-SPIO RGD Subcutaneous U87MG mice model MRI(T2)/PET [139]
125I-RGD-PEG-MNPs RGD Subcutaneous U87MG mice model MRI(T2)/SPECT [140]
RGD-Au-Mn DENPs RGD Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T1)/CT [141]
MPR – Orthotopic eGFP+ U87MG mice model MRI(T1)/PAI/Raman [142]
MSC-HA-MSNs-Gd3+-64Cu-ZW800 MSC Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T1)/PET/NIR [143]
HALF-cRGD cRGD Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T2)/PAI/FI [144]
cRGD-CM-CPIO cRGD Orthotopic C6 mice model MRI(T2)/PAI/FI [145]
Au@MIL-88(Fe) – Orthotopic U87MG mice model MRI(T2)/CT/PAI [146]
Fe3O4@Au αvβ3 mAb U87MG cell MRI(T2)/CT/PAI [147]
Gd-PEG-Bi – Subcutaneous U87MG mice model MRI(T1)/CT/PAI [148]
64Cu-Fe-RGD-PEG-MNP RGD Subcutaneous U87MG mice model MRI(T1)/PET/PAI [149]