TABLE 1.
Summary of cases with aplastic or twiglike middle cerebral artery presenting with ischemia
| Case No. | Authors & Year | Age (yrs)/Sex | Side | Clinical Presentation | Vascular Risk | Coexisting Atherosclerotic Vascular Change | Treatment | Outcome (GOS) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Fukawa et al., 19816 |
57/F |
L |
CI |
ND |
ND |
ND |
GR |
| 2 |
|
52/M |
R |
TIA, CI |
(−) |
Unilateral proximal ICA stenosis |
ND |
|
| 3 |
Takahashi et al., 199728 |
54/F |
R |
TIA, CI |
(−) |
Contralateral MCA occlusion |
STA-MCA bypass |
|
| 4 |
Edgell et al., 20107 |
42/M |
R |
CI |
HL |
ND |
ND |
|
| 5 |
|
42/F |
R |
TIA |
Smoking |
Contralateral MCA stenosis |
ND |
|
| 6 |
Seo et al., 20121 |
10/F |
L |
CI |
ND |
(−) |
EDAS |
|
| 7 |
|
56/F |
R |
CI |
ND |
(−) |
ND |
|
| 8 |
|
51/F |
L |
CI |
ND |
(−) |
ND |
|
| 9 |
|
58/F |
R |
CI |
ND |
(−) |
ND |
|
| 10 |
|
56/F |
R |
CI |
ND |
Atherosclerotic generation |
ND |
|
| 11 |
Uchiyama et al., 201629 |
52/F |
L |
TIA→ICH |
HT, HL |
ND |
Cilostazol→discontinue |
GR |
| 12 |
Hirai et al., 201830 |
52/M |
L |
TIA |
ND |
ND |
Cilostazol |
GR |
| 13 |
Lutz et al., 201831 |
40/F |
L |
TIA |
ND |
ND |
Antiplatelet |
GR |
| 14 |
Matsunaga et al., 201832 |
19/F |
R |
TIA |
ND |
ND |
STA-MCA bypass & EMS |
GR |
| 15 |
Cho et al., 201933 |
61/M |
R |
CI |
ND |
ND |
STA-MCA bypass |
|
| 16 |
|
73/M |
R |
CI |
ND |
ND |
Antiplatelet |
|
| 17 |
|
63/F |
L |
TIA |
ND |
ND |
Antiplatelet |
|
| 18 |
|
26/F |
R |
TIA |
ND |
ND |
Antiplatelet |
|
| 19 |
|
29/F |
L |
TIA |
ND |
ND |
Antiplatelet |
|
| 20 |
|
37/M |
R |
CI |
ND |
ND |
Antiplatelet |
|
| 21 |
Yamada et al., 20208 |
88/M |
R |
CI→ICH |
HT |
ND |
Aspirin/STA-MCA bypass |
MD |
| 22 | Present case | 62/M | R | TIA | HT, DM | Contralateral MCA stenosis | Aspirin + cilostazol/STA-MCA bypass & EMS | GR |
CI = cerebral infarction; DM = diabetes mellitus; EDAS = encephaloduoarteriosynangiosis; EMS = encephalomyosynangiosis; GOS = Glasgow Outcome Scale; GR = good recovery; HL = hyperlipidemia; HT = hypertension; ICA = internal carotid artery; ICH = intracerebral hemorrhage; MCA = middle cerebral artery; MD = moderate disability; ND = not described; STA = superficial temporal artery; TIA = transient ischemic attack.