Table 5.

Within-group NDI score comparison*

	Intervention group						Control group
Sections*	Pre		Post				Pre		Post
	Mean Rank	Sum of Ranks	Mean Rank	Sum of Ranks	d	P-value	Mean Rank	Sum of Ranks	Mean Rank	Sum of Ranks	d	P-value
Pain intensity	0	0	6.50	78.00	1.79	0.001	1.50	1.50	1.50	1.50	0	1.000
Personal care (washing, dressing, etc.)	0	0	4.00	28.00	1.16	0.014	0	0	0	0	0	1.000
Lifting	0	0	3.50	21.00	1.01	0.027	1.50	3.00	0	0	0.570	0.180
Reading	2.50	2.50	4.79	33.50	1.00	0.028	1.00	1.00	0	0	0.417	0.317
Headaches	0	0	5.00	45.00	1.35	0.006	0	0	2.00	6.00	0.756	0.083
Concentration	0	0	4.50	36.00	1.22	0.01	2.00	4.00	2.00	2.00	0.237	0.564
Work	0	0	5.00	45.00	1.33	0.006	1.00	1.00	0	0	0.417	0.317
Driving	0	0	5.00	45.00	1.33	0.007	1.00	1.00	0	0	0.417	0.317
Sleeping	0	0	4.00	28.00	1.28	0.008	0	0	1.50	3.00	0.603	0.157
Recreation	0	0	3.50	21.00	1.15	0.014	1.50	3.00	0	0	0.603	0.157
Total NDI score, MD (95% CI)	27.08 ± 9.78	17.41 ± 7.10	− 9.66 (− 6.43, − 12.89)		− 3.66	< 0.001	25.41 ± 10.78	25.58 ± 10.38	0.16 (− 1.21, 0.87)		0.015	0.732

^* P < 0.05, All P-values are obtained from Wilcoxon signed-rank test except for total NPAD score obtained from paired samples t-test

Significant P-values are showed in bold

MD, Mean Difference, NDI, Neck Disability Index, d, Effect size (Cohen’s d)