Table 1.

Anthropometric and clinical parameters of patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes from the GDS and DPV cohorts.

	GDS		DPV		p-value
Variable	n		n
Sex [% male]	268	59.3	1511	58.7	0.848
Age [years]	268	36.5 ± 11.6	1511	35.6 ± 14.6	0.050
Known diabetes duration [years]	268	0.52 ± 0.24	1511	0.38 ± 0.31	<0.001
Migration-background [%]	267	10.9	1511	6.3	0.020
Current smokers [%]	147	39.5	1109	28.2	0.007
Cigarettes/day [n]	44	12.9 ± 16.5	1109	3.7 ± 7.3	<0.001
BMI [kg/m2]	268	25.0 ± 4.3	1443	24.9 ± 5.2	0.436
Systolic blood pressure [mmHg]	264	128.8 ± 16.3	1424	125.3 ± 14.8	0.003
Diastolic blood pressure [mmHg]	264	77.4 ± 9.7	1423	76.2 ± 10.4	0.239
Positivity for diabetes-related autoantibodies [%]	267	92.5	598	88.8	0.140
Fasted blood glucose [mg/dl]	264	129.1 ± 36.7	860	152.0 ± 88.8	<0.012
HbA1c [%]	267	6.4 ± 0.8	1511	7.0 ± 1.1	<0.001
HbA1c [mmol/mol]	267	46 ± 9	1511	53 ± 12	<0.001
Total cholesterol [mg/dl]	268	184.8 ± 38.4	926	190.0 ± 49.9	0.315
LDL-cholesterol [mg/dl]	267	110.4 ± 33.4	861	112.1 ± 36.5	0.606
HDL-cholesterol [mg/dl]	267	60.7 ± 17.1	874	55.4 ± 19.1	<0.001
Triglycerides [mg/dl]	268	89.7 ± 57.2	837	138.3 ± 114.1	<0.001
ALT [U/l]	268	21.9 ± 7.3	258	27.7 ± 31.7	0.108
AST [U/l]	268	24.0 ± 13.4	390	29.6 ± 27.2	0.018
GGT [U/l]	268	22.0 ± 21.2	376	53.3 ± 157.0	<0.001
Creatinin [mg/dl]	268	0.9 ± 0.2	1116	0.85 ± 0.53	<0.001
TSH [µlU/ml]	266	2.5 ± 2.6	984	0.9 ± 2.2	<0.001

n columns refer to the number of examined patients for each parameter. Data are shown as absolute numbers, percentages, mean ± standard deviation, as applicable. ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; DPV, Prospective Diabetes Registry; GDS, German Diabetes Study; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin A1c; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone.